Collaborative Research: A Control Theoretic Approach to the Design of Internet Traffic Managers

协作研究：互联网流量管理器设计的控制理论方法

• 批准号: 0095988
• 负责人: Abraham Matta
• 金额: $ 72万
• 依托单位: Trustees of Boston University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0095988&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Control; Theoretic; Approach

The scalability of the Internet hinges on our ability to tame the unpredictability associated with its open architecture. This project investigates the development of basic control strategies for reducing traffic burstiness and improving network utilization. Such strategies can be applied through Traffic Managers (TMs)-special network elements strategically placed in the Internet (e.g., in front of clients/servers or at exchange/peering points between administrative domains). We believe that the incorporation of such control functionalities will be key to the ability of the network infrastructure to sustain its own growth and to nurture the Quality-of-Service (QoS) needs of emerging applications.Although there have been some recent advances in building network elements capable of wire-speed processing, there is a need for fundamental research into the basic QoS control capabilities that these TMs should implement. This set of capabilities have to be identified and implemented in a programmable, scalable architecture that allows for the easy and effective composition of services. Such a flexible architecture is highly desirable as the Internet continues to evolve and users demand new kinds of service for their applications. TMs should be capable of quickly inspecting and classifying packets as they go by (e.g., marking packets into precedence classes), and should control the transmission of these packets (e.g., through pacing, scheduling, or selective dropping) to ensure desirable properties (e.g., satisfaction of jitter requirements, compliance with TCP friendliness, or improved fairness across flows).In this proposal, we will address the design of dynamic dos control programmable TMs. We focus on basic capabilities that could be employed at different levels of the control architecture. These capabilities include differentiated, aggregate and proxy controls. The following are examples of how such control strategies would be employed by TMs.Differentiated Control enables TMs to route flow aggregates with divergent characteristics on separate communication paths. Unlike traditional routing, our routing metrics will respect bursitis measures, such as self-similarity and traffic correlation:Aggregate Control enables TMs to use congestion control mechanisms for collections of flows that share the same bottleneck. Unlike traditional congestion control, "Congestion-equivalent" flows are identified based on measures of relationship (such as cross-correlation and cross-covariance) and managed as a set; Proxy Control enables TMs to filter out variability (e.g., loss, delay jitter) at shorter time-scales. Such a functionality is crucial for improving the stability and effectiveness of control mechanisms that operate over longer time-scales (e.g., end-to-end). Unlike traditional a-hoc proxy approaches, our approach will take into account the length and characteristics of the control loops that get formed between the TM and the end-systems.Our design will be based on mathematical foundations from control theory and wavelet analysis. These methods enable thorough analysis and control of system dynamics at different time-scales and an understanding of the complex interactions among them. Specifically, functionality's at different levels of a TM architecture will be developed based integrated control-theoretic models. These models will account for "nested" control loops that are driven by system characteristics, which are identified using wavelet analysis of passive measurements. TMs that are designed in such and integrated fashion, could increase flow throughput, reduce flow jitter and response time, and improve the stability, utilization, and scalability of the network.We plan to implement our dos controls in a tested deployed in a controlled local setting as well as over the Internet. Our implementations will be based on emerging technologies, such as Diffserv and MPLS, and will be stressed by bandwidth-and QoS-demanding applications. Our testbed will provide a programming interface to softservices, in which capabilities can be turned on or off and control parameters can be dynamically adjusted. To this end, we have secured the support of industrial research laboratories and start-up companies-namely Lucent's Bell Labs, Cisco Systems, Nortel Networks, and Quarry Technologies. Specifically, we intend to use Lucent's Network Element for Programmable Packet Injection (NEPPI). NEPPI provides an ideal foundation upon which to implement the control policies we propose to develop. This project is a collaborative efforts between Boston University (Is: Ibrahim Matta, Azer Bestavros, and Mark Crovella) with expertize in characterization, measurements and control of Internet traffic, and University of Arizona (PI: Marwan Krunz) with expertize in traffic modeling, multimedia and wireless QoS.

互联网的可扩展性取决于我们驯服与其开放架构相关的不可预测性的能力。 本计画主要研究如何发展基本的控制策略，以减少讯务突发性，并改善网路利用率。 这样的策略可以通过业务管理器（TM）来应用，业务管理器（TM）是策略性地放置在因特网中的特殊网络元件（例如，在客户端/服务器之前或在管理域之间的交换/对等点处）。 我们相信，纳入这样的控制功能将是关键的网络基础设施的能力，以维持其自身的增长和培育的服务质量（QoS）的需求，新兴application.Although有一些最近的进展，在建设网络元素能够线速处理，有必要进行基础研究的基本QoS控制能力，这些TM应该实现。 这组功能必须在一个可编程的、可伸缩的体系结构中识别和实现，该体系结构允许简单有效地组合服务。 随着互联网的不断发展和用户对其应用程序的新服务需求，这种灵活的体系结构是非常需要的。 TM应该能够在分组经过时快速检查和分类分组（例如，将分组标记为优先级类别），并且应当控制这些分组的传输（例如，通过定步、调度或选择性丢弃）以确保期望的属性（例如，抖动要求的满足、TCP友好性的遵守、或跨流的改进的公平性）。在这个提议中，我们将解决动态DOS控制可编程TM的设计。 我们专注于可以在控制架构的不同级别上使用的基本功能。这些功能包括差异化、聚合和代理控件。 以下是TM将如何采用这种控制策略的示例。区分控制使TM能够在单独的通信路径上路由具有不同特征的流聚合。 与传统的路由不同，我们的路由度量将尊重粘液囊的措施，如自相似性和流量相关性：聚合控制使TM使用拥塞控制机制的集合流共享相同的瓶颈。 与传统的拥塞控制不同，“拥塞等效”流基于关系的度量（例如互相关和互协方差）来识别，并作为集合来管理;代理控制使TM能够过滤掉可变性（例如，损耗、延迟抖动）。 这种功能对于提高在较长时间尺度上操作的控制机制的稳定性和有效性是至关重要的（例如，端到端）。 与传统的自组织代理方法不同，我们的方法将考虑TM和终端系统之间形成的控制回路的长度和特性。我们的设计将基于控制理论和小波分析的数学基础。 这些方法能够在不同的时间尺度上对系统动态进行全面的分析和控制，并理解它们之间复杂的相互作用。 具体而言，功能的TM架构的不同层次将开发基于集成控制理论模型。 这些模型将占“嵌套”的控制回路，由系统特性，这是确定使用被动测量的小波分析。以这种集成方式设计的TM可以增加流量吞吐量，减少流量抖动和响应时间，并提高网络的稳定性，利用率和可扩展性。我们计划在经过测试的部署中实现我们的DOS控制，这些控制部署在受控的本地设置以及Internet上。 我们的实现将基于新兴技术，如Diffserv和MPLS，并将强调带宽和QoS要求的应用程序。 我们的测试平台将提供一个编程接口，softservices，其中的功能可以打开或关闭，控制参数可以动态调整。 为此，我们已经获得了工业研究实验室和初创公司的支持，即朗讯的贝尔实验室，思科系统，北电网络和采石场技术。 具体来说，我们打算使用朗讯的可编程数据包注入网络元件（NEPPI）。 NEPPI提供了一个理想的基础，在此基础上实施我们建议制定的控制政策。 该项目是波士顿大学（Is：Ibrahim Matta，Azer Bestavros和Mark Crovella）与亚利桑那大学（PI：Marwan Krunz）之间的合作努力，他们在互联网流量的表征，测量和控制方面具有专业知识，在流量建模，多媒体和无线QoS方面具有专业知识。