Precise Stellar Parameters in the Era of Planet Formation

行星形成时代的精确恒星参数

• 批准号: 1908892
• 负责人: Gregory Mace
• 金额: $ 47.14万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1908892&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Precise; Stellar; Parameters; Era; Planet

The investigators seek to understand the formation of stars and planets. Astronomers study planet formation by observations of the composition and speed of material forming these solar systems. The first stage is the collapse of a vast cloud of gas in a galaxy. This gas contracts, heats up and forms a disk rotating around the densest regions. The planets form while the stars are still young. The disk breaks up into clumps and the clumps form planets. In our solar system there are many types of planets, from rocky planets like the Earth to gas giant planets like Jupiter. The investigators seek to better understand what causes these types of planets to form. The type of planets formed depends on the magnetic fields and elements present in the clouds when the initial collapse begins. The investigators will focus on a key aspect of planet formation, the lifetime of the disk of material before in breaks up into planets. The investigators have designed and constructed a special purpose device to precisely measure the properties of Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) as they form. The device the investigators built is a very sensitive optical spectrometer, called the Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrometer (IGRINS). The investigators have observed hundreds of YSOs in the Taurus and Ophiuchus star forming regions. Their IGRINS device has been installed on many of the most sensitive telescopes in the world. Their observations simultaneously determine the temperature, magnetic field strength, surface gravity, and rotation rates with great accuracy. The investigators will analyze the entire IGRINS YSO Survey and create a public archive of reduced spectra. The investigators plan to consistently calibrate and process their observations into a library of useful measurements of the process of star and planet formation.The investigators will make astronomical concepts more accessible to the broadest audience. By working with an expert in Universal Design at Northern Arizona University, in collaboration with the Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired (TSBVI), they will augment astronomy lesson plans with tactile graphical devices. This effort will include graduate student volunteers and will be implemented in TSBVI classrooms and at Austin public elementary schools. The accessibility and adoption of these tools by students will be documented and presented at national conferences.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

研究人员试图了解恒星和行星的形成。天文学家通过观察形成这些太阳系的物质的组成和速度来研究行星的形成。第一阶段是星系中巨大气体云的坍缩。这些气体收缩、加热并形成圆盘，围绕密度最大的区域旋转。行星在恒星还很年轻的时候就形成了。圆盘分裂成团块，团块形成行星。在我们的太阳系中有许多类型的行星，从像地球这样的岩石行星到像木星这样的气态巨行星。研究人员试图更好地了解是什么导致了这类行星的形成。形成的行星类型取决于最初坍缩开始时云层中存在的磁场和元素。研究人员将把重点放在行星形成的一个关键方面，即物质盘在分解成行星之前的寿命。研究人员设计并建造了一个特殊用途的设备，以精确测量年轻恒星物体（YSOs）形成时的特性。研究人员建造的设备是一个非常灵敏的光学光谱仪，称为浸入式光栅红外光谱仪（IGRINS）。研究人员已经在金牛座和蛇夫座的恒星形成区域观察到数百个yso。他们的IGRINS装置已经安装在世界上许多最灵敏的望远镜上。他们的观测同时精确地确定了温度、磁场强度、地表重力和自转速度。研究人员将分析整个IGRINS YSO调查，并创建一个简化光谱的公共档案。研究人员计划持续校准和处理他们的观测结果，形成一个有用的恒星和行星形成过程测量库。研究人员将使天文概念更容易为最广泛的受众所接受。通过与北亚利桑那大学通用设计专家合作，与德克萨斯盲人和视障学校（TSBVI）合作，他们将用触觉图形设备增强天文学课程计划。这项工作将包括研究生志愿者，并将在TSBVI教室和奥斯汀公立小学实施。学生对这些工具的获取和采用情况将被记录下来，并在国家会议上提出。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

M giants with IGRINS: I. Stellar parameters and α -abundance trends of the solar neighborhood population

具有 IGRINS 的 M 巨星：I. 太阳邻域群的恒星参数和 α 丰度趋势

• DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202346149
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Nandakumar, G.;Ryde, N.;Casagrande, L.;Mace, G.
• 通讯作者: Mace, G.

The IGRINS YSO Survey. III. Stellar Parameters of Pre-main-sequence Stars in Ophiuchus and Upper Scorpius

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acab04
• 发表时间: 2022-12
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Ricardo López-Valdivia;G. Mace;E. Han;E. Sawczynec;Jesús Hernández;L. Prato;C. Johns–Krull;Heeyoung Oh;Jaejoon Lee;A. Kraus;J. Llama;D. Jaffe

Magnetic Field Measurements of Low-mass Stars from High-resolution Near-infrared IGRINS Spectra

利用高分辨率近红外 IGRINS 光谱测量低质量恒星的磁场

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/acd2dd
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: The Astronomical Journal
• 作者: Han, Eunkyu;López-Valdivia, Ricardo;Mace, Gregory N.;Jaffe, Daniel T.
• 通讯作者: Jaffe, Daniel T.