Enabling a New Instrument 'IGRINS' for the Gemini South Telescope User Community

双子座天文台由两个大型天文望远镜组成，双子座-北(位于夏威夷)和双子座-南(位于智利)。每个望远镜都允许美国和双子座伙伴国家-阿根廷、巴西、加拿大和智利-的天文学家对行星、恒星和星系进行独特的观测。然而，现代望远镜的好坏取决于它们所使用的相机和分光计。因此，像双子座这样的国家天文台继续对安装在每个望远镜上的整套仪器进行现代化改造是至关重要的。提出者的目标是向双子座社区提供一种已经在较小的望远镜上建造和测试的仪器。需要资金来支持对该仪器的适度改装，以便它可以在两个双子座望远镜中使用。该仪器是一种光谱仪，将允许研究人员非常详细地分析来自各种物体的红外光。惊人的数据已经公布，并在国家天文会议上提交给社区，展示了该设备的威力和多功能性。一旦将光谱仪安装在更大的双子座望远镜之一上，预计会有重要的结果和新的发现。该提案旨在改进沉浸式光栅红外光谱仪(IGRINS)，这是一种近红外(H波段和K波段)高分辨率(R~4.5万)单目标光谱仪，可用于双子座北望远镜或双子座南望远镜。提倡者还将为社会提供观测支持。IGRINS是由德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校)和韩国天文学与空间科学研究所(KASI)共同建造的，作为巨型麦哲伦望远镜类似的未来仪器的先驱。该仪器不包含活动部件，并配有现有的数据简化管道；因此，双子座工作人员对未来开发和支持的需求可能很小。IGRINS已用于麦克唐纳天文台2.7米望远镜和4.3米探索频道望远镜，其性能已被证明超过其他4至8米级望远镜的类似仪器。提出者已经与天文台接洽，并通过竞争性审查程序，在2018年获得了135小时的望远镜时间，以实施一项测量蛇夫座年轻恒星物体(YSO)和行星系统的“大而长”计划。这些数据--将被缩减并存档供公众使用--将是迄今为止获得的对YSO进行的最广泛的高分辨率、高S/N的光谱调查，将是恒星形成界的宝贵资源。

The Gemini Observatory consists of two large astronomical telescopes, Gemini-North (situated in Hawaii) and Gemini-South (located in Chile). Each telescope allows astronomers in the US and the Gemini partner countries - Argentina, Brazil, Canada and Chile - to make unique observations of planets, stars, and galaxies. However, modern telescopes are only as good as the cameras and spectrometers used with them. It is therefore essential that a national observatory like Gemini continues to modernize the suite of instruments mounted on each telescope. The proposers aim to make available to the Gemini community an instrument that has already been built and tested on smaller telescopes. Funds are needed to support modest adaptation of the instrument so that it can be used on either Gemini telescope. The instrument, a spectrometer, will allow researches to analyze in great detail the infrared light from all manner of objects. Striking data have already been published and presented to the community at national astronomical meetings, demonstrating the power and versatility of the device. Important results and new discoveries are expected once the spectrometer is mounted on one of the much larger Gemini telescopes.The proposal seeks to adapt the Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrometer (IGRINS), a near-infrared (H- and K-band) high-resolution (R~45,000) single-object spectrometer for use on either the Gemini-North or Gemini-South telescope. The proposers will also provide observational support for the community. IGRINS was built jointly by the University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin) and the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) as a precursor to a similar, future instrument for the Giant Magellan Telescope. The instrument contains no moving parts and comes with an existing data reduction pipeline; the need for future development and support by Gemini staff is thus likely to be minimal. IGRINS has been used on the McDonald Observatory 2.7-meter telescope and at the 4.3-meter Discovery Channel Telescope, where its performance has been shown to exceed that of similar instruments at other 4-to-8 meter class telescopes. The proposers have already approached the observatory and have secured, through a competitive review process, 135 hours of telescope time in 2018 to pursue a "Large and Long" program to survey Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) and planetary systems in Ophiuchius. The data -- to be reduced and archived for public use -- will represent the most extensive high-resolution, high-S/N, spectral survey of YSOs obtained to date, and will be a valuable resource to the star formation community.