Multiple Approaches to Multiple-Messenger Astronomy

多信使天文学的多种方法

• 批准号: 1911206
• 负责人: Ryan Foley
• 金额: $ 68.8万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1911206&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Multiple; Approaches; Messenger; Astronomy

A research group at the University of California, Santa Cruz will train two graduate students in observational and theoretical astrophysics, focusing on the new field of multi-messenger, gravitational wave (GW) astronomy. The students will work with the two lead investigators and other senior scientists to combine multiple approaches to solve new problems in this nascent field. One student will primarily work with data from several telescopes for which the researchers have preferential access, and will also use National Optical Astronomy Observatory telescopes, telescopes through collaborations, and public data when appropriate. The other student will primarily produce theoretical models and numerical simulations. The main scientific goals are to (1) discover and characterize new electromagnetic (EM) counterparts to GW events, (2) produce new models starting with hydrodynamical models of the merger to predict the EM emission, (3) study the demographics of compact-object mergers, (4) combine data and theory to understand the physics of rapid neutron-capture (r-process) nucleosynthesis, or the production of atomic elements, and (5) measure the local expansion rate of the universe using standard sirens. An education and public outreach program associated with the research will cross-fertilize the training of scientists and students in the visual arts and digital media using state-of-art astrophysical simulations and observations as common ground. The team will build a group environment that significantly increases the number of under-represented students trained in astrophysics. The resulting visual products will be used to disseminate results, inform the public about science and the Universe, and provide raw material for science curricula, documentaries, and presentations. The team will work directly with existing partners in California, including the NSF-funded Lamat Summer Research Program on High Performance Computing in Astrophysics, which recruits and mentors students from under-represented groups. Key components of the Lamat program include intensive research instruction through summer internships, academic counseling and mentoring, and workshops that integrate family members. The overriding questions addressed by this proposal are: What are the EM counterparts to GW events? What are the demographics of compact-object mergers? What environments produce neutron-star mergers? What elements are generated and expelled by these events? What is the local cosmic expansion rate and is there tension between it and the expansion rate inferred from distant probes? How can we best use all GW and EM data with advanced theoretical models to improve our answers to these questions? The research group discovered SSS17a, the first optical counterpart to a GW source. Knowledge of gravity, nuclear physics, the origin of the heaviest elements, and cosmology were all dramatically expanded by this discovery. The results of the new research project will address some similarly important physics. This project advances the goals of the NSF Windows on the Universe Big Idea.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

位于圣克鲁斯的加州大学的一个研究小组将对两名研究生进行观测和理论天体物理学方面的培训，重点是多信使引力波天文学这一新领域。 学生们将与两位首席研究员和其他资深科学家合作，联合收割机多种方法来解决这一新兴领域的新问题。 一名学生将主要使用来自研究人员优先访问的几个望远镜的数据，并将使用国家光学天文台望远镜，通过合作的望远镜和适当时的公共数据。另一名学生将主要制作理论模型和数值模拟。 主要的科学目标是（1）发现和描述GW事件的新的电磁（EM）对应物，（2）从合并的流体动力学模型开始产生新的模型以预测EM发射，（3）研究致密物体合并的人口统计学，（4）结合联合收割机数据和理论以理解快速中子捕获的物理学（r-过程）核合成，或原子元素的生产，（5）使用标准塞壬测量宇宙的局部膨胀率。 与研究相关的教育和公共宣传计划将交叉培养科学家和学生在视觉艺术和数字媒体方面的培训，使用最先进的天体物理模拟和观察作为共同点。该团队将建立一个小组环境，显着增加在天体物理学培训的代表性不足的学生的数量。由此产生的视觉产品将用于传播结果，向公众宣传科学和宇宙，并为科学课程，纪录片和演示提供原材料。 该团队将直接与加州的现有合作伙伴合作，包括NSF资助的天体物理学高性能计算拉马特夏季研究计划，该计划招募和指导来自代表性不足群体的学生。 拉马特计划的关键组成部分包括通过暑期实习，学术咨询和指导，以及整合家庭成员的研讨会进行密集的研究指导。该提案解决的首要问题是：GW事件的EM对应物是什么？紧凑型对象合并的人口统计学特征是什么？什么环境会产生中子星合并？这些事件产生和排出了哪些元素？什么是局部宇宙膨胀率？它和从遥远的探测器推断的膨胀率之间是否存在张力？我们如何最好地使用所有GW和EM数据与先进的理论模型，以改善我们对这些问题的答案？ 研究小组发现了SSS 17 a，这是GW源的第一个光学对应物。引力、核物理、最重元素的起源和宇宙学的知识都因这一发现而得到了极大的扩展。新研究项目的结果将解决一些类似的重要物理问题。 该项目推进了NSF宇宙大创意窗口的目标。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

The Stars in M15 Were Born with the r -process

M15 中的明星是随着 r 过程而诞生的

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab78a1
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Kirby, Evan N.;Duggan, Gina;Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico;Macias, Phillip
• 通讯作者: Macias, Phillip

Successful Common Envelope Ejection and Binary Neutron Star Formation in 3D Hydrodynamics.

• 发表时间: 2020-11
• 期刊: arXiv: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
• 作者: J. Law-Smith;R. W. Everson;E. Ramirez-Ruiz;S. D. Mink;L. V. Son;Y. Gotberg;Stefan Zellmann;Alejandro Vigna-G'omez;M. Renzo;Samantha C. Wu;S. L. Schrøder;R. Foley;Tenley Hutchinson-Smith

Updated parameter estimates for GW190425 using astrophysical arguments and implications for the electromagnetic counterpart

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staa725
• 发表时间: 2020-02
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: R. Foley;D. Coulter;C. Kilpatrick;A. Piro;E. Ramirez-Ruiz;J. Schwab

Evidence for the Preferential Disruption of Moderately Massive Stars by Supermassive Black Holes

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac35d5
• 发表时间: 2021-10
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: B. Mockler;Angela A. Twum;K. Auchettl;S. Dodd;K. D. French;J. Law-Smith;E. Ramirez-Ruiz

Constraints on the Physical Properties of GW190814 through Simulations Based on DECam Follow-up Observations by the Dark Energy Survey

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abafaa
• 发表时间: 2020-06
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: R. Morgan;M. Soares-Santos;J. Annis;K. Herner;A. Garcia;A. Palmese;A. Drlica-Wagner;R. Kessler-R.-Kess