WoU-MMA: Multiple Approaches to Multi-Messenger Astronomy

WoU-MMA：多信使天文学的多种方法

• 批准号: 2307710
• 负责人: Ryan Foley
• 金额: $ 88.83万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2307710&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: WoU; MMA; Multiple; Approaches; Multi

GW170817 was the name given by astronomers to the merger of two neutron stars witnessed through its gravitational wave siren, an associated gamma-ray burst, and its glow at all wavelengths of light, marking the beginning of a golden age in time-domain multi-messenger astronomy. Through this discovery, our knowledge of gravity, nuclear physics, the origin of the heaviest elements, and cosmology were all dramatically expanded. A research team at the University of California at Santa Cruz (UCSC), which was instrumental in the discovery of GW170817, will lead an international program to research electromagnetic (EM) counterparts to gravitational wave (GW) events. The overriding questions addressed by this proposal are: What are the EM counterparts to GW events? What are the demographics of the mergers of compact astrophysical objects like neutron stars and black holes? What environments produce an enhanced rate of neutron-star mergers? What elements are generated and expelled by these events? How can astronomers best use all GW and EM data with advanced theoretical models to improve the answers to these questions and more? This project will support two UCSC graduate students, one in observational work from telescopes, and the other in theoretical modeling and numerical simulations. The program will also work to increase participation of members of historically marginalized groups in astrophysics, cross-fertilize the training of scientists and students in the visual arts and digital media, and engage dozens of high school students directly in our research.The main scientific goals are to (1) discover and characterize new electromagnetic (EM) counterparts to gravitational wave (GW) events, (2) produce new theoretical models that follow the merger process from hydrodynamics of the initial event to EM emission, (3) study the demographics of compact-object mergers, and (4) combine data and theory to understand the physics of r-process nucleosynthesis. By the end of this project, the investigators expect to increase the number of EM counterparts of GW events from one to potentially more than ten. They will characterize individual events and the larger population of compact-object mergers. They will improve theoretical models, iteratively improving models and data and use the data, models, and advanced statistical techniques to measure the local cosmic expansion rate. This award advances the goals of the Windows on the Universe Big Idea.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

GW170817是天文学家给两颗中子星合并起的名字，这两个中子星通过其引力波警报、相关的伽马射线爆发以及所有波长的光的辉光见证了这一合并，标志着时域多信使天文学黄金时代的开始。通过这一发现，我们对重力、核物理、最重元素的起源和宇宙学的认识都得到了极大的扩展。加州大学圣克鲁斯分校 (UCSC) 的一个研究小组在 GW170817 的发现中发挥了重要作用，他们将领导一项国际计划，研究引力波 (GW) 事件的电磁 (EM) 对应物。 该提案解决的首要问题是：GW 事件的 EM 对应项是什么？中子星和黑洞等致密天体物理物体合并的人口统计数据是怎样的？哪些环境会提高中子星合并的速度？这些事件产生和排出了哪些元素？天文学家如何才能最好地利用所有引力波和电磁场数据以及先进的理论模型来改善这些问题及其他问题的答案？ 该项目将支持两名 UCSC 研究生，一名从事望远镜观测工作，另一名从事理论建模和数值模拟。 该计划还将致力于增加历史上边缘群体成员对天体物理学的参与，交叉促进视觉艺术和数字媒体领域科学家和学生的培训，并让数十名高中生直接参与我们的研究。主要科学目标是（1）发现并表征引力波（GW）事件的新电磁（EM）对应物，（2）产生遵循流体动力学合并过程的新理论模型 电磁发射的初始事件，(3) 研究致密物体合并的人口统计学，(4) 结合数据和理论来理解 r 过程核合成的物理原理。 到该项目结束时，研究人员预计将与 GW 事件对应的 EM 数量从 1 个增加到可能超过 10 个。它们将描述单个事件和大量紧凑物体合并的特征。他们将改进理论模型，迭代改进模型和数据，并利用数据、模型和先进的统计技术来测量当地的宇宙膨胀率。该奖项推进了“宇宙之窗”大创意的目标。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。