Collaborative Research: Ocean Transport and Eddy Energy

合作研究：海洋运输和涡流能

• 批准号: 1912420
• 负责人: Scott Bachman
• 金额: $ 37.22万
• 依托单位: University Corporation For Atmospheric Res
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1912420&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Ocean; Transport; Eddy

Ocean mesoscale eddies are turbulent motions with lateral scales of tens to hundreds of kilometers. These eddies can significantly impact the transport of heat, carbon, and nutrients throughout the oceans, and play an essential role in shaping the ocean's strongest mean currents and their variability. Energy exchanged between the ocean and atmosphere, and across reservoirs and scales in the ocean controls the ocean circulation and transport. Mesoscale eddies play a significant role in this energy exchange. Yet, these eddies are at best partially resolved in ocean climate models, and most of their momentum and tracer transport must be parameterized. Imperfections in these parameterizations lead to biases in modern climate models, including incorrect rates of exchange of heat and carbon with the atmosphere, errors in the position and strength of the ocean's strongest current systems, and incorrect stratification at high latitudes. This Climate Process Team (CPT) brings together observationalists, modelers, and theoreticians to unify and extend recent research on ocean eddy energetics and parameterization, therefore improving both our knowledge of these processes and their representation in ocean models. Newly generated datasets for ocean energetics and transport, together with the increased fidelity of climate models, will advance our understanding of mesoscale eddies in the climate system in particular through their role in the energy budget. This research will lead to increased ocean model fidelity, and therefore has the potential to reduce some of the most stubborn biases in climate models, primarily related to the strength and position of strong currents, and the ocean's stratification. The team, which includes three leading global coupled modeling centers, will implement new parameterizations within climate models, therefore enhancing links between modeling centers and universities. The project will also generate new datasets and parameterizations, promoted on many platforms (e.g., Pangeo, GitHub), which can be used by the whole climate community. The results will be disseminated via publications and annual workshops involving the international community. The project will support the training of four postdoctoral researchers by enhancing their knowledge in fundamental ocean dynamics, eddy parameterizations, numerical modeling, and observational analysis. The team will also promote underrepresented groups in STEM (three female PIs, including the lead PI). Finally, improved climate simulations can lead to improved predictions with significant societal and economic benefits.Extant parameterizations fail to fully account for the exchanges of mesoscale energy with different scales, or conversions between kinetic and potential energy reservoirs. Recent advances from theory, process studies and longer-term observational records of ocean energetics can now be leveraged to improve the current generation of climate models across a range of horizontal resolutions. This CPT aims to vet, improve, and unify new advances in energy-, flow- and scale-aware eddy parameterizations in process studies and global models; constrain parameters and parameterized eddy fluxes through a synthesis of up-to-date observations of ocean energetics and transport; and implement and assess schemes within IPCC-class models at NCAR, GFDL, and LANL. Modernized, energetically-consistent mesoscale eddy parameterizations are expected to significantly reduce model biases in ocean currents, stratification, and transport.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

海洋中尺度涡旋是横向尺度为数十至数百公里的湍流运动。这些漩涡可以显著影响海洋中的热量、碳和营养物质的输送，并在形成海洋最强的平均洋流及其变异性方面发挥重要作用。海洋和大气之间以及海洋中跨水库和尺度的能量交换控制着海洋的循环和运输。中尺度涡旋在这种能量交换中起着重要的作用。然而，这些涡流充其量只能在海洋气候模式中得到部分解决，它们的大部分动量和示踪传输必须被参数化。这些参数的不完善导致了现代气候模型的偏差，包括与大气的热量和碳交换的不正确速率，海洋最强洋流系统的位置和强度的错误，以及高纬度的不正确分层。这个气候过程小组(CPT)汇集了天文学家、模型师和理论家，统一和扩展了最近关于海洋涡动能量学和参数化的研究，从而提高了我们对这些过程的知识及其在海洋模型中的表现。新产生的海洋能量学和运输学数据集，加上气候模型保真度的提高，将促进我们对气候系统中的中尺度涡旋的理解，特别是通过它们在能源收支中的作用。这项研究将提高海洋模型的保真度，因此有可能减少气候模型中一些最顽固的偏差，主要与强流的强度和位置以及海洋的分层有关。该团队包括三个领先的全球耦合模拟中心，将在气候模型中实施新的参数化，从而加强模拟中心和大学之间的联系。该项目还将生成新的数据集和参数，并在许多平台(如Pangeo、GitHub)上推广，供整个气候界使用。结果将通过出版物和国际社会参加的年度讲习班传播。该项目将通过加强四名博士后研究人员在基本海洋动力学、涡旋参数化、数值模拟和观测分析方面的知识来支持他们的培训。该小组还将在STEM中提拔任职人数偏低的群体(三名女性专业人员，包括首席专业人员)。最后，改进的气候模拟可以带来更好的预测，具有显著的社会效益和经济效益。现有的参数化无法完全考虑不同尺度的中尺度能量交换，或动能和势能库之间的转换。现在可以利用海洋能量学的理论、过程研究和长期观测记录方面的最新进展，在一系列水平分辨率上改进当前一代气候模型。这个CPT的目的是审查、改进和统一过程研究和全球模式中能量、流动和尺度涡旋参数化的新进展；通过综合海洋能量学和输运的最新观测来约束参数和参数涡通量；在NCAR、GFDL和LANL的IPCC类模式中实施和评估方案。现代化的、能量上一致的中尺度涡旋参数化预计将显著减少洋流、层化和输送中的模型偏差。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Using Machine Learning at scale in numerical simulations with SmartSim: An application to ocean climate modeling

通过 SmartSim 在数值模拟中大规模使用机器学习：海洋气候建模的应用

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jocs.2022.101707
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Computational Science
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Partee, Sam;Ellis, Matthew;Rigazzi, Alessandro;Shao, Andrew E.;Bachman, Scott;Marques, Gustavo;Robbins, Benjamin
• 通讯作者: Robbins, Benjamin

Representing Eddy Diffusion in the Surface Boundary Layer of Ocean Models With General Vertical Coordinates

用一般纵坐标表示海洋模型表层边界层的涡扩散

• DOI: 10.1029/2023ms003751
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
• 影响因子: 6.8
• 作者: Marques, Gustavo M.;Shao, Andrew E.;Bachman, Scott D.;Danabasoglu, Gokhan;Bryan, Frank O.
• 通讯作者: Bryan, Frank O.

A Geometric Perspective on the Modulation of Potential Energy Release by a Lateral Potential Vorticity Gradient

横向位涡梯度调制势能释放的几何视角

• DOI: 10.3390/fluids5030142
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Fluids
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Bachman, Scott D.

Diagnosing Scale-Dependent Energy Cycles in a High-Resolution Isopycnal Ocean Model

诊断高分辨率等密度海洋模型中与尺度相关的能量循环

• DOI: 10.1175/jpo-d-22-0083.1
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Physical Oceanography
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Loose, Nora;Bachman, Scott;Grooms, Ian;Jansen, Malte
• 通讯作者: Jansen, Malte

A Diagnosis of Anisotropic Eddy Diffusion From a High‐Resolution Global Ocean Model

• DOI: 10.1029/2019ms001904
• 发表时间: 2020-01
• 期刊: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
• 影响因子: 6.8
• 作者: S. Bachman;B. Fox‐Kemper;F. Bryan