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New Directions in Physics Beyond the Standard Model

超越标准模型的物理学新方向

基本信息

批准号：
1915409
负责人：
Neal Weiner
金额：
$ 45万
依托单位：
New York University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-01 至 2023-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1915409&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
New Directions Physics Beyond Standard

项目摘要

This award funds the research activities of Professors Neal Weiner and Joshua Ruderman at New York University.The Standard Model (SM) of Particle Physics has been exceptionally successful in describing observed phenomena. However, a number of motivations exist for physics beyond the SM. This includes dark matter, which dominates the galaxies of the universe. Likewise, searches for new phenomena are now providing copious experimental data. The Large Hadron Collider has collected a sizable dataset from collisions of elementary particles at the highest energy ever in a terrestrial collider, and new searches for dark matter have placed significant constraints on some of the most popular dark-matter theories. So far these results seem consistent with the SM, and decisive non-gravitational evidence for dark matter has not emerged. But much more data is coming: the LHC is being upgraded to operate at higher energies and higher collision rates, and will eventually multiply the size of the current dataset by about a factor of 20. Future dark-matter direct-detection experiments such as LZ and XENONnT will probe dark matter within certain mass ranges associated with the weak interaction, and diverse experiments are emerging to probe dark matter at even lighter masses. Moreover, theoretical studies are now pointing to what the next generation of missions and experiments should look like. Understanding the implications of ongoing experiments and where they are lacking will help place the United States in a central position to uncover new physical laws or discover new elementary particles. As a consequence, funding theoretical research that helps leverage our already sizable investments in experimental physics is in the national interest. In this context, where significant data has arrived but much more is yet to come, Professors Weiner and Ruderman propose to carry out a diverse research program in theoretical particle physics, stretching across multiple length scales and in anticipation of multiple emerging datasets from experiments. This project will also have significant broader impacts. The PIs will give public lectures, including at senior centers, and will sponsor competitions for Physics in Media Fellowships to support the travel of journalism and film students to visit physics experiments that will become the subjects of their stories and movies.More technically, the PIs propose to develop a range of new models of dark matter and particle physics, aimed at understanding what the search capacity for existing and planned experiments will be, and to motivate new experiments. In particular, the PIs will study both thermal and non-thermal production mechanisms for dark matter, and how these mechanisms impact the signal sizes that can be expected in experiment. The PIs will also study models of neutrino physics that include new interactions for neutrinos and how they may be tested. Furthermore, the PIs will study physics that can be targeted at the high-luminosity LHC, including non-standard Higgs sectors and the development of precision measurements of Standard-Model processes as tests for subtle effects of new physics beyond the Standard Model. Finally, the PIs will respond to new data as it emerges to determine the corresponding theoretical implications.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项资助了纽约大学的Neal Weiner和约书亚鲁德曼教授的研究活动。粒子物理学的标准模型（SM）在描述观察到的现象方面非常成功。然而，除了SM之外，物理学还存在许多动机。这包括支配宇宙星系的暗物质。同样，对新现象的研究现在也提供了大量的实验数据。大型强子对撞机已经收集了一个相当大的数据集，这些数据集来自地球对撞机中有史以来能量最高的基本粒子的碰撞，对暗物质的新搜索对一些最流行的暗物质理论产生了重大限制。到目前为止，这些结果似乎与SM一致，并且还没有出现暗物质的决定性非引力证据。但更多的数据即将到来：大型强子对撞机正在升级，以在更高的能量和更高的碰撞率下运行，并最终将使当前数据集的大小增加约20倍。未来的暗物质直接探测实验，如LZ和XENONNT，将探测与弱相互作用相关的特定质量范围内的暗物质，并且正在出现各种实验来探测更轻质量的暗物质。此外，理论研究现在正在指出下一代任务和实验应该是什么样子。了解正在进行的实验的含义以及它们的不足之处将有助于使美国处于揭示新的物理定律或发现新的基本粒子的中心位置。因此，资助有助于利用我们在实验物理学方面已经相当大的投资的理论研究符合国家利益。在这种情况下，重要的数据已经到来，但还有更多的还没有到来，韦纳和鲁德曼教授建议在理论粒子物理学中开展多样化的研究计划，跨越多个长度尺度，并期待从实验中获得多个新兴数据集。该项目还将产生广泛的影响。物理学家们将举办公开讲座，包括在老年中心，并将赞助媒体物理学奖学金的竞赛，以支持新闻和电影专业的学生前往参观物理实验，这些实验将成为他们的故事和电影的主题。更技术性的是，物理学家们提议开发一系列新的暗物质和粒子物理模型，旨在了解现有和计划中的实验的搜索能力，并激励新的实验。特别是，PI将研究暗物质的热和非热产生机制，以及这些机制如何影响实验中预期的信号大小。 PI还将研究中微子物理模型，包括中微子的新相互作用以及如何测试它们。此外，PI将研究可针对高亮度LHC的物理学，包括非标准希格斯扇区和标准模型过程的精确测量的发展，作为对标准模型之外的新物理学的微妙影响的测试。最后，PI将对新数据做出回应，以确定相应的理论含义。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（11）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Foreground mismodeling and the point source explanation of the Fermi Galactic Center excess

费米银河中心过剩的前景错误建模和点源解释

DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.102.023023
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Physical Review D
影响因子：
5
作者：
Buschmann, Malte;Rodd, Nicholas L.;Safdi, Benjamin R.;Chang, Laura J.;Mishra-Sharma, Siddharth;Lisanti, Mariangela;Macias, Oscar
通讯作者：
Macias, Oscar

Electromagnetic signals of inelastic dark matter scattering