Clumped Isotope Reordering Kinetics in Carbonate Minerals: The key to accurate ocean paleotemperatures and basin thermal histories
碳酸盐矿物中的团簇同位素重排动力学:准确海洋古温度和盆地热历史的关键
基本信息
- 批准号:1915647
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 34.06万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2019
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2019-08-01 至 2023-01-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
One of the most exciting new ideas in geochemistry is to measure two rare isotopes in calcium carbonate instead of just one and "clump" them together. This provides a new and powerful tool to study the temperature of ancient oceans and sediments and will help scientists looking at climate change, plate tectonics, and petroleum exploration. This study will help identify the calcium carbonate minerals most likely to preserve ancient temperatures. It will also provide the chemical information needed to use two minerals at the same time to better estimate the temperature history of the rocks. This project will develop this new tool by connecting atom-level processes with observed chemical reactions. The study will improve temperature estimates of ancient oceans and the temperature history of rocks related to petroleum reservoirs. The project will train graduate and undergraduate students and will add a new section of a capstone undergraduate course that will introduce seniors to the field. The project will also engage chemistry graduate and undergraduate students from underrepresented minority groupsOne of the most exciting developments in geochemistry in the 21st century is the ability to measure the relative abundance of molecules with two rare isotopes ("clumped isotopes") in calcium carbonate minerals (e.g., calcite) and apply this technique to reveal the temperatures of ancient oceans or the burial temperatures of sediments now exposed at the surface. A major complication in clumped isotope paleothermometry however is reequilibration (reordering) of the signatures at elevated temperatures (100oC) on million-year timescales. While complicating paleoclimate studies, this reordering provides great potential for measuring rates of burial, uplift, and exhumation of geologic formations, but only if the rates (kinetics) of reordering are well understood. Currently, only the reordering kinetics of the mineral calcite (CaCO3) has been studied in detail. To address this knowledge gap, experiments will be conducted in which different minerals are heated and the rate at which they reorder is measured. The mechanisms of clumped isotope reordering will be examined at an atomistic level using a range of sophisticated chemical techniques such as programmable heated-stage synchrotron X-ray diffraction, total scattering, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, in conjunction with advanced models for atomic bonding. Correlating atomic characteristics with kinetic parameters and mineralogical characterization will allow determination of detailed equations governing the rates of reordering in a variety of carbonate minerals. The project will train graduate and undergraduate students and will add a new section of a capstone undergraduate course that will introduce seniors to the field. The project will also engage chemistry graduate and undergraduate students from underrepresented minority groupsThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
地球化学中最令人兴奋的新想法之一是测量碳酸钙中的两种稀有同位素,而不仅仅是一种,并将它们“聚集”在一起。 这为研究古代海洋和沉积物的温度提供了一个新的强大工具,并将有助于科学家研究气候变化,板块构造和石油勘探。这项研究将有助于确定最有可能保持古代温度的碳酸钙矿物。 它还将提供同时使用两种矿物所需的化学信息,以更好地估计岩石的温度历史。该项目将通过将原子级过程与观察到的化学反应联系起来来开发这种新工具。这项研究将改进对古代海洋温度的估计和与石油储层有关的岩石的温度历史。 该项目将培训研究生和本科生,并将增加一个新的部分顶点本科课程,将介绍老年人到该领域。该项目还将吸引来自代表性不足的少数群体的化学研究生和本科生。21世纪地球化学最令人兴奋的发展之一是能够测量碳酸钙矿物中具有两种稀有同位素(“聚集同位素”)的分子的相对丰度(例如,方解石),并应用这种技术来揭示古代海洋的温度或现在暴露在表面的沉积物的埋藏温度。 然而,聚集同位素古温度测量的一个主要复杂性是在百万年时间尺度上高温(100 ℃)下的特征重新平衡(重新排序)。虽然使古气候研究变得复杂,但这种重新排序为测量地质构造的埋藏、隆起和折返速率提供了巨大潜力,但前提是重新排序的速率(动力学)得到很好的理解。目前,只有矿物方解石(碳酸钙)的重排动力学进行了详细研究。为了解决这一知识差距,将进行实验,其中不同的矿物被加热,并测量它们重新排序的速率。聚集同位素重排的机制将检查在原子水平上使用一系列复杂的化学技术,如可编程加热阶段同步加速器X射线衍射,总散射,拉曼光谱,扫描透射X射线显微镜,结合先进的模型原子键合。将原子特征与动力学参数和矿物学表征相关联,将允许确定控制各种碳酸盐矿物中重排速率的详细方程。 该项目将培训研究生和本科生,并将增加一个新的部分顶点本科课程,将介绍老年人到该领域。该项目还将吸引来自代表性不足的少数群体的化学研究生和本科生。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Ethan Grossman其他文献
Ethan Grossman的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Ethan Grossman', 18)}}的其他基金
Into the icehouse: Dramatic changes at the Devonian-Mississippian Climate Transition (DMCT)
进入冰库:泥盆纪-密西西比纪气候转变(DMCT)的巨大变化
- 批准号:
2241039 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 34.06万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Elements of an extinction: Exploring the delayed Caribbean extinction with stable isotopes and trace elements
合作研究:灭绝的要素:用稳定同位素和微量元素探索加勒比海延迟灭绝
- 批准号:
1325683 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 34.06万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Constraining rates of C-O bond reordering in biogenic calcite: Implications for clumped isotope thermometry
合作研究:生物方解石中 C-O 键重排的限制率:对聚集同位素测温的影响
- 批准号:
1226918 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 34.06万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Acquisition of Stable Isotope Facilities for Geologic Research at Texas A&M University
为德克萨斯州地质研究购买稳定同位素设施
- 批准号:
0321278 - 财政年份:2003
- 资助金额:
$ 34.06万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Constraining Tertiary Temperatures, Salinities, and Ocean Chemistry: An Isotopic and Trace-metal Study of Serially-sampled Mollusks
合作研究:限制第三纪温度、盐度和海洋化学:连续采样软体动物的同位素和痕量金属研究
- 批准号:
0126311 - 财政年份:2002
- 资助金额:
$ 34.06万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Constraining Late Paleozoic Climate, CO2 Levels, and Ice Sheet Volumes: Integration of Oxygen Isotopes with Climate and Ice Sheet Models
限制晚古生代气候、二氧化碳水平和冰盖体积:氧同位素与气候和冰盖模型的整合
- 批准号:
0003596 - 财政年份:2001
- 资助金额:
$ 34.06万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Acquisition of an Automated Carbonate Reaction System for A Mass Spectrometer at Texas A&M University
为德克萨斯州的质谱仪购买自动碳酸盐反应系统
- 批准号:
9316937 - 财政年份:1994
- 资助金额:
$ 34.06万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Stable Isotope Record for Global and Regional Change in the Late Paleozoic
晚古生代全球和区域变化的稳定同位素记录
- 批准号:
9304815 - 财政年份:1993
- 资助金额:
$ 34.06万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Carbon Isotope Fractionation in Magnesian Calcite: Effects of Precipitation Rate and Mg Content
镁方解石中的碳同位素分馏:沉淀率和镁含量的影响
- 批准号:
9018325 - 财政年份:1991
- 资助金额:
$ 34.06万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Support of International Participation in the Geochemical Society Symposium on Global Isotope Stratigraphy
支持国际参与地球化学会全球同位素地层学研讨会
- 批准号:
9018378 - 财政年份:1990
- 资助金额:
$ 34.06万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
相似国自然基金
黄土蜗牛化石碳酸盐二元同位素("Clumped isotope")古温度重建研究
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