Into the icehouse: Dramatic changes at the Devonian-Mississippian Climate Transition (DMCT)

进入冰库：泥盆纪-密西西比纪气候转变（DMCT）的巨大变化

• 批准号: 2241039
• 负责人: Ethan Grossman
• 金额: $ 58.61万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-01 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2241039&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Into; icehouse; Dramatic; changes; Devonian

Reconstructions of ancient ocean temperatures give important clues to the limits of future global warming, the causes of climate change, and the impact of climate change on biodiversity. This project will test whether tropical ocean temperatures were extremely warm (35-40 °C or 95-104 °F) during the time of early animals and examine the role of rapid cooling in triggering biotic crises. The study will also explore how climate change impacted the cycling of calcium and whether linkages between the calcium and carbon cycles play a role in climate change. Proxy data for paleoenvironments will be combined with sophisticated mass balance models to further test links between calcium, carbon dioxide, and climate. The project will broaden geochemical education through (1) training of three graduate students and members of underrepresented groups in cutting-edge techniques, (2) development of exercises and independent research projects for undergraduate and graduate classes, and (3) K-12 activities at the annual TAMU Chemistry Open House. The project will enhance research and education infrastructure by supporting two cutting-edge mass-spectrometry systems and by sharing the mass balance model framework.The project will feature clumped isotope paleothermometry, a recent advance that measures the co-occurrence of 13C and 18O in carbonate molecules (e.g., Ca13C18O16O2). Analyses will be performed on well-preserved brachiopod shells from North America (US and Canada) and Eastern Europe (Russia) spanning the Late Devonian to Early Mississippian (383 to 348 million years), a time of rapid climate and ocean chemistry change (“calcite” to “aragonite” seas), and multiple biological crises. Clumped isotope measurements will be combined with measurements of calcium, carbon, and oxygen isotopes and comprehensive numerical modeling to examine the interplay between calcium, carbon, and crustal cycling during this major climatic shift in Earth’s history and foster better understanding of the consequences of climate change in our near future.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

古代海洋温度的重建为未来全球变暖的局限性，气候变化的原因以及气候变化对生物多样性的影响提供了重要的线索。该项目将在早期动物时期测试热带海洋温度是否非常温暖（35-40°C还是95-104°F），并检查快速冷却在触发生物危机中的作用。该研究还将探讨气候变化如何影响钙的循环以及钙周期之间的联系是否在气候变化中起作用。古环境的代理数据将与复杂的质量平衡模型相结合，以进一步测试钙，二氧化碳和气候之间的联系。该项目将通过（1）培训三名研究生和代表性不足的团体成员的尖端技术，（2）练习和针对本科生和研究生班的独立研究项目的培训，以及（3）K-12年度Tamu Chemistry Open House的活动。该项目将通过支持两个尖端的质谱系统并共享质量平衡模型框架来增强研究和教育基础架构。该项目将以聚类的同位素触及效应构度为特征，这是最近的进步，可衡量13C和18O在碳酸盐分子中的共发生（例如，Ca13c18o18o18o18o）。分析将对北美（美国和加拿大）的保存完好的腕足动物壳以及东欧（俄罗斯）跨越泥盆纪晚期至密西西比州早期（383至3.48亿年）（迅速攀登和海洋化学变化的时期）（“有组织”到“ Aragonite”海洋）以及多个生物学Crisis。结块的同位素测量将与钙，碳和氧同位素的测量和全面的数值建模相结合，以检查钙，碳和地壳循环之间的相互作用，在这一地球历史上这一重大杂交转变中的重大杂交循环中，在我们的历史上的重大转变和促进了我们近乎未来奖励的降低的统计数据，并促进了对NIS奖励的影响。智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。