Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Subsistence in Developing Cities

博士论文改进补助金：发展中城市的生存

• 批准号: 1916358
• 负责人: David Carballo
• 金额: $ 2.51万
• 依托单位: Trustees of Boston University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-06-01 至 2021-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1916358&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Subsistence

This doctoral dissertation project will examine the role of animals in the urban economy of a large, pre-modern city in order to further understanding of how urban food economies relate to social organization and wealth inequalities. Systems of food production and distribution are closely tied to the economic organization and social structure of a society, and can serve to reinforce social inequalities, particularly in cities in which many households do not directly produce their own food. Archaeology is ideally situated to investigate the many ways in which food systems contributed to urban developments in the world's earliest cities, providing a unique perspective that can inform on the potential impacts of today's growing urban populations. This project will provide a comparative data on one aspect of the food system from an important pre-modern city, foster international and interdisciplinary collaboration, and engage in public outreach within the research area.This research examines the role of animals in the urban economy of a pre-modern city that is a vital case study in understanding the relationships between food production, urban economies and the development of social inequalities. Teotihuacan (100-550/650 CE), located in central highland Mexico, was a large, diverse city and is unique in the ancient world as a city that was provisioned in the absence of large domesticates, and one that was able to do so in a way that supported its everyday urban residents. The research will evaluate how urban and rural residents of Teotihuacan acquired animals, and the role of hunting and raising animals to the urban economy. To evaluate multiple trajectories of change over time, this study presents an innovative integration of zooarchaeological analysis, to identify the types of animals consumed by residents, and carbon stable isotope analysis to distinguish animals from natural environments, and those which lived in anthropogenic environments, such as agricultural fields or animal pens. In addition, this research employs zooarchaeology by mass spectrometry (ZooMS), a new technique for the identification of faunal remains based on collagen peptide fingerprints, to overcome limitations in the morphological identification of animal bones.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这一博士论文项目将研究动物在一个大型前现代城市的城市经济中的作用，以进一步了解城市食物经济与社会组织和财富不平等的关系。粮食生产和分配制度与社会的经济组织和社会结构密切相关，可能会加剧社会不平等，特别是在许多家庭不直接自己生产粮食的城市。考古学是研究食物系统对世界上最早的城市的城市发展做出贡献的多种方式的理想地点，提供了一个独特的视角，可以为今天不断增长的城市人口的潜在影响提供信息。该项目将从一个重要的前现代城市提供食物系统的一个方面的比较数据，促进国际和跨学科合作，并在研究领域内参与公共宣传。这项研究考察了动物在前现代城市的城市经济中的作用，这是理解食物生产、城市经济和社会不平等发展之间关系的重要案例研究。特奥蒂瓦坎(公元100-550/650)位于墨西哥中部高地，是一个大型、多样化的城市，在古代世界中是独一无二的，因为它是在没有大型家养动物的情况下提供粮食的，而且能够以一种支持其日常城市居民的方式这样做。这项研究将评估特奥蒂瓦坎的城乡居民如何获得动物，以及狩猎和饲养动物对城市经济的作用。为了评估多个随时间变化的轨迹，这项研究提出了一种创新的整合，包括动物考古学分析，以确定居民食用的动物类型，以及碳稳定同位素分析，以区分动物与自然环境，以及那些生活在人为环境中的动物，如农田或动物围栏。此外，这项研究采用了动物考古学的质谱学(ZOOMS)，这是一种基于胶原蛋白多肽指纹识别动物遗骸的新技术，以克服动物骨骼形态识别方面的限制。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。