Greenhouse Gas Dynamics Across the Land-to-Ocean Continuum in the Canadian Archipelago

加拿大群岛从陆地到海洋连续体的温室气体动态

• 批准号: 1917528
• 负责人: Anna Michel
• 金额: $ 86.82万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1917528&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Greenhouse; Gas; Dynamics; Across; Land

Current and future warming has the potential to impact the cycling of methane in the Arctic, and the contribution of the region to the global methane budget remains poorly constrained. Thawing of permafrost, as well as melting of ice, has the potential to mobilize significant quantities of methane. This project focuses on understanding the connection between lakes, rivers, and bays across the land-ocean continuum in northern Canada. Methane and carbon dioxide from terrestrial and freshwater systems can be mobilized during the spring thaw and rapidly transported into the coastal ocean. The investigators will use unmanned vehicles to study the fate of these gases as they are transported via small river networks to the coastal ocean and subsequently outgassed as sea ice breaks up. Broader impacts of this project include developing new technology for Arctic research, training a female graduate student in polar field work and engineering, and engagement with local indigenous communities.The contribution of Arctic fresh water bodies to the global methane budget is poorly constrained. This project will use a cutting-edge autonomous surface platform to measure dissolved methane, carbon dioxide, salinity, nitrate, and oxygen in surface waters of Cambridge Bay, Canada. The investigators will quantify the magnitude of the rapid burst of outgassing of methane and carbon dioxide with two field seasons of intensive spatial and temporal sampling during the weeks surrounding the spring freshet. The specific objectives are to: characterize the rapid lateral pulse of greenhouse gases entering the coastal ocean from terrestrial aquatic systems during the freshet; determine the extent to which methane and carbon dioxide accumulates under ice; quantify the geographical extent and rate of rapid outgassing to the atmosphere; and close a mass balance of the Cambridge Bay to determine if the majority of methane and carbon dioxide delivered to the coastal ocean outgasses. The investigators will also provide proof of concept for autonomous vehicles carrying sensor technology that can expand our spatial and temporal sampling capability in dangerous or harsh environments.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

目前和未来的变暖有可能影响北极的甲烷循环，该地区对全球甲烷预算的贡献仍然受到很大的限制。永久冻土的融化以及冰的融化有可能动员大量的甲烷。该项目的重点是了解加拿大北方陆地-海洋连续体中湖泊、河流和海湾之间的联系。来自陆地和淡水系统的甲烷和二氧化碳可以在春季解冻期间被动员起来，并迅速输送到沿海海洋。研究人员将使用无人驾驶车辆来研究这些气体的命运，因为它们通过小型河流网络运输到沿海海洋，随后随着海冰的破裂而排出。该项目的更广泛影响包括开发北极研究的新技术，培训一名极地实地工作和工程学女研究生，以及与当地土著社区接触，北极淡水水体对全球甲烷预算的贡献受到很大限制。该项目将使用先进的自主表面平台来测量加拿大剑桥湾表面沃茨中溶解的甲烷、二氧化碳、盐度、硝酸盐和氧气。研究人员将量化甲烷和二氧化碳快速释放的规模，在春季新鲜空气周围的几周内进行两个季节的密集空间和时间采样。具体目标是：确定在淡水期从陆地水生系统进入沿海海洋的温室气体的快速横向脉动的特征;确定甲烷和二氧化碳在冰下积聚的程度;量化气体快速排放到大气中的地理范围和速度;并关闭剑桥湾的质量平衡，以确定是否大部分甲烷和二氧化碳输送到沿海海洋排气。研究人员还将为携带传感器技术的自动驾驶汽车提供概念验证，该技术可以在危险或恶劣环境中扩展我们的空间和时间采样能力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Spatial and temporal variations in atmospheric gas flux from the Hudson River: the estuarine gas exchange maximum

哈德逊河大气气体通量的时空变化：河口气体交换最大值

• DOI: 10.1002/lno.12154
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Limnology and Oceanography
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Scully, Malcolm E.;Michel, Anna P. M.;Nicholson, David P.;Traylor, Shawnee
• 通讯作者: Traylor, Shawnee