Family Friendly: How Are Firms and Establishments Affected by State Paid Family Leave Programs?

大多数员工在他们的工作生涯中都经历过为人父母的经历。研究表明，在组建家庭的几年中，职业成就方面的性别差距扩大得特别快。提供带薪育儿假，以帮助雇员履行工作和家庭责任，通常被视为政策回应。然而，人们对带薪育儿假对雇主的影响知之甚少，尤其是不同公司类型对这些影响的不同。该项目使用一个独特而新颖的大规模雇主-家庭数据集，研究了州一级带薪家庭假对美国公司和机构的影响。结果将显示家庭决策如何与国家层面的政策相互作用，以及这一过程如何影响公司的运营和成功。这些发现为美国正在进行的关于带薪休假的政策辩论提供了更广泛的信息，以及公共政策如何影响商业决策。因此，这项研究将改善企业和家庭的幸福感，从而提高美国人的生活水平。这项研究将构建一个复杂的大型数据库，以分析州一级带薪休假对美国公司和机构的影响。我们利用了这样一个事实，即一些州(加州、新泽西州和国际扶轮)已经实施了带薪休假政策，但其他州没有，而大公司在带薪休假州和非带薪休假州都有机构。这个？自然实验？便于使用差异中的差异方法进行因果分析。这些分析基于纵向雇主-家庭动态(LEHD)数据库，该数据库将链接到其他公司和机构级别的数据源。总而言之，这些数据包含有关企业和企业层面结果的丰富信息，如员工流动率、劳动力构成、企业生存和增长、劳动生产率和销售收入。对带薪休假政策对这些确定结果的影响进行因果估计，可以极大地促进围绕带薪休假问题的社会和政策辩论。结果显示了公共政策如何与商业决策相互作用，以提高美国公民的生活水平。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Most workers experience parenthood at some point during their work careers. Studies show that gender gaps in career outcomes increase particularly rapidly during the years of family formation. Provision of paid parental leave to help employees meet both work and family responsibilities is usually advocated as the policy response. However, little is known about how paid parental leave affects employers particularly how these impacts differ by firm type. This project studies the effects of state-level paid family leave on U.S. firms and establishments using a unique and novel large-scale employer-household data set. The results will show how family decision-making interacts with state-level policy, and how this process affects the operation and success of companies. These findings which informs the ongoing policy debate on paid leave in the United States more broadly and how public policies affect business decisions. The research will therefore improve the bell-being of firms and households, hence improve the living standards of Americans. This research will construct a complex, large-scale database to analyze the impact of state-level paid leave on U.S. firms and establishments. We utilize the fact that paid leave policies have been implemented in some states (CA, NJ, and RI), but not others, while large firms have establishments in both paid-leave states and non-paid leave states. This ?natural experiment? facilitates a causal analysis using a differences-in-differences approach. The analyses are based on the Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) database that will be linked to other firm- and establishment level data sources. Together, the data contain rich information on establishment and firm level outcomes such as employee turnover, workforce composition, establishment survival and growth, labor productivity, and sales revenue. Obtaining causal estimates for the impact of paid leave policies on these firm outcomes can significantly contribute to the social and policy debate around the paid leave issues. The results show how public policy interacts with business decisions to improve the livings standards of U.S. citizens.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.