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Collaborative Research: Cestode phylogeny and genomics

合作研究：绦虫系统发育和基因组学

基本信息

批准号：
1921404
负责人：
Janine Caira
金额：
$ 121万
依托单位：
University of Connecticut
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1921404&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Cestode phylogeny genomics

项目摘要

Tapeworms are parasites that include numerous species of medial and veterinary importance in mammals as well as thousands of species that parasitize essentially all other groups of vertebrate animals. Yet, we know little about the evolution of the major groups of tapeworms. Not only does this hamper our ability to treat tapeworm infections of medical and veterinary importance, but it also limits the use of tapeworms as model parasite systems to help expand our understanding of food web connections and ecosystem health, and to help inform fisheries management practices. This project aims to generate the molecular and morphological data required to substantially expand our understanding of the evolution of tapeworms. In doing so, it will transform tapeworms and their vertebrate hosts into one of the best known host/parasite systems globally, allowing this system to reach its full potential. The training provided to undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral researchers will equip them with transferable STEM skills. Furthermore, information about tapeworms will be made publicly available on-line to diverse audiences of all ages by creating a key to the major tapeworm groups, developing an e-book version of a children's book on tapeworms, and building upon an existing global cestode database. A recent global survey has identified tapeworm lineages hosted by sharks and rays as central to the diversification of the Cestoda. This class currently comprises 19 orders. Preliminary phylogenetic work suggests that the current ordinal classification of the class substantially underestimates lineage diversity, especially within the groups of elasmobranch-hosted cestodes. The proposed work aims to provide a robust phylogeny of the class based on targeted gene capture of 738 loci for 960 species of tapeworms. Cestode higher-level classification will be revised to reflect monophyletic groups, informed by new morphological and molecular data. The generation of complete genomes for 20 species spanning the approximately 200-million year gap between the cestodes of medical and veterinary importance for which such data are currently available will provide insight into patterns of taxon-specific gene family evolution across cestodes. Genomic analyses have been designed to take advantage of the multiple independent transitions between marine and non-marine habitats, elasmobranch and non-elasmobranch definitive hosts, and invertebrate and vertebrate final intermediate hosts that have occurred over evolutionary time to identify signatures of parallel evolution. Such signatures are anticipated to provide valuable insight into environmental factors that may have played a role in the evolution of parasite systems with complex life cycles.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

绦虫是一种寄生虫，包括许多在哺乳动物中具有医学和兽医重要性的物种，以及数千种基本上寄生在所有其他脊椎动物群体中的物种。然而，我们对绦虫的主要群体的进化知之甚少。这不仅阻碍了我们治疗具有医疗和兽医重要性的绦虫感染的能力，而且还限制了将绦虫作为模式寄生虫系统的使用，以帮助扩大我们对食物网连接和生态系统健康的理解，并有助于为渔业管理做法提供信息。该项目旨在生成所需的分子和形态数据，以极大地扩大我们对绦虫进化的理解。在这样做的过程中，它将把绦虫及其脊椎动物宿主转变为全球最知名的宿主/寄生虫系统之一，使该系统能够充分发挥其潜力。为本科生、研究生和博士后研究人员提供的培训将使他们掌握可转让的STEM技能。此外，将通过建立主要绦虫群的检索表、编写关于绦虫的儿童读物的电子书版本以及建立现有的全球绦虫数据库，在网上向所有年龄段的不同受众公开提供有关绦虫的信息。最近的一项全球调查发现，以鲨鱼和射线为宿主的绦虫血统是Cestoda多样化的核心。这一类目前包括19个订单。初步的系统发育研究表明，目前对该纲的有序分类大大低估了谱系的多样性，特别是在以板足纲为宿主的绦虫类群中。这项拟议的工作旨在基于对960种绦虫的738个基因座的定向捕获来提供这一类别的强大系统发育。根据新的形态和分子数据，Cestode更高级别的分类将被修订，以反映单系群。20个物种的完整基因组的产生跨越了具有医学和兽医学重要性的绦虫之间大约2亿年的间隔，目前有这样的数据可用，这将提供对不同绦虫的分类群特定基因家族进化模式的洞察。基因组分析的目的是利用海洋生物和非海洋栖息地、板门类和非板门类最终宿主以及无脊椎动物和脊椎动物最终中间宿主之间的多次独立过渡，以确定并行进化的特征。这些签名有望为环境因素提供有价值的见解，这些因素可能在具有复杂生命周期的寄生虫系统的演变中发挥了作用。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。