Collaborative Research: Uncovering and Utilizing the Dynamic Interplay between Work Recovery and Resilience

合作研究：发现和利用工作恢复和复原力之间的动态相互作用

• 批准号: 1921887
• 负责人: Charles Calderwood
• 金额: $ 8.28万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1921887&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Uncovering; Utilizing; Dynamic

All employees will, at some point, encounter workplace adversities such as work overload, role ambiguity, interpersonal conflict, abusive supervision, or work-family conflict. Thus, there is a critical need to identify pathways through which employees can achieve work effectiveness and wellbeing, despite facing difficulties. Work resilience -- positive adaptation despite adversity at work -- is an advantageous tool that offers a path to success despite adverse experiences. We propose one unexplored way to increase resilience is through recovery, in which non-work time is used to recuperate from fatigue and negative mood built up during the work day. This project's goal is to understand how psychological (e.g., detachment from work, relaxation) and physical (e.g., sleep, exercise) recovery experiences relate to work resilience. Determining behaviors that improve resilience which are under individuals' control during their non-work time has the potential to benefit individuals, teams, and organizations across every occupation. The goal of this project is to uncover and model the dynamic interrelationship of psychological and physical work recovery experiences with work resilience. This project: 1) assesses potential psychological (fatigue) and physiological (heart rate variability) mechanisms that link work recovery and resilience; 2) examines the differential effects of alternative work recovery experiences (i.e., psychological and physical) on work resilience; and 3) delineates the temporal dynamics between work recovery and resilience, uncovering potential cumulative and reciprocal effects. We will conduct two experience sampling research studies using (a) a sample of traditionally employed participants who work during standard weekly business hours and (b) a sample of shift workers - employees who work alternative shifts that at least partially fall outside the daytime shift range (e.g., night shift and rotating shift employees) - to test the current model. Each study is a four-week daily survey study in a sample of 100 working adults that incorporates both objective behavioral and physiological indicators. By explicating the relative importance of different recovery experiences contributing to work resilience and the dynamic relationship between work recovery and resilience, this project could provide a theoretical foundation to enhance organizational effectiveness and employee wellbeing despite unavoidable adversities. Findings will be shared with research outlets, business practitioners, policy makers, and community members.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

所有员工都会在某些时候遇到职场逆境，比如工作负荷过大、角色模糊、人际冲突、滥用监管或工作家庭冲突。因此，尽管面临困难，但迫切需要确定员工可以实现工作效率和福祉的途径。工作弹性——在工作逆境中积极适应——是一种有利的工具，它为我们提供了一条通往成功的道路，尽管有不利的经历。我们提出了一种未经探索的提高弹性的方法，即通过恢复，利用非工作时间从工作期间建立的疲劳和负面情绪中恢复过来。该项目的目标是了解心理（例如，脱离工作，放松）和身体（例如，睡眠，运动）恢复体验与工作弹性的关系。确定在非工作时间内由个人控制的提高弹性的行为，有可能使每个职业的个人、团队和组织受益。这个项目的目标是揭示和模拟心理和身体工作恢复经验与工作弹性的动态相互关系。该项目：1)评估潜在的心理（疲劳）和生理（心率变异性）机制，将工作恢复和恢复力联系起来；2)考察不同的工作恢复体验（即心理和生理）对工作弹性的不同影响；3)描述了工作恢复和弹性之间的时间动态关系，揭示了潜在的累积效应和相互效应。我们将进行两次经验抽样研究，使用(a)在标准每周营业时间工作的传统受雇参与者样本和(b)倒班工人样本-至少部分工作在白班范围之外的替代班次的员工（例如，夜班和轮岗员工）-来测试当前模型。每项研究都是对100名在职成年人进行为期四周的每日调查研究，包括客观的行为和生理指标。通过阐明不同的恢复体验对工作弹性的相对重要性，以及工作恢复与工作弹性之间的动态关系，本研究可为在逆境中提高组织效能和员工幸福感提供理论依据。研究结果将与研究机构、商业从业者、政策制定者和社区成员分享。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Understanding how family demands impair health behaviors in working sole mothers: The role of perceived control over leisure time

• DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12307
• 发表时间: 2021-09-07
• 期刊: APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-HEALTH AND WELL BEING
• 影响因子: 6.9
• 作者: Calderwood, Charles;Minnen, Molly E.;King, Danielle D.
• 通讯作者: King, Danielle D.