DMREF: Hydrogel-actuated cellular soft robotic materials with programmable mechanical properties

DMREF：具有可编程机械性能的水凝胶驱动的细胞软机器人材料

• 批准号: 1922321
• 负责人: Katia Bertoldi
• 金额: $ 175万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-10-01 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1922321&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DMREF; Hydrogel; actuated; cellular; soft

Non-technical Description: One of the grand challenges in materials science and engineering is the ability to design active and adaptive materials that dynamically change configuration and functionality in response to specific triggers and changes in the surrounding environment. Architected matter with shape morphing capabilities and on-demand programmability of mechanical properties (i.e., soft robotic materials) will have a wealth of applications in deployable systems, dynamic optics, soft robotics, and medicine. Hydrogels, a class of stimuli-responsive materials, are promising constituents for designing such soft robotic materials. Hydrogels can change their volume by several fold in response to various environmental cues. Furthermore, most hydrogels are transparent and stretchable, as well as cost-efficient and environmentally friendly. However, most hydrogels are soft and brittle and the stresses that they can generate and tolerate are rather limited. To improve their actuation force and mechanical integrity, they have to be integrated in hybrid systems with stiffer materials and structures. The project will explore how to combine hydrogel units with elastomeric cellular scaffolds carefully designed to amplify the output of the active components. Upon activation, low-stress deformations of hydrogel muscles positioned in the scaffolds will induce large reconfigurations in the scaffold morphology and enable work.Technical Description: The proposed project introduces and investigates a new class of active, reconfigurable, and shape-morphing soft robotic materials with programmed mechanical properties based on elastomeric cellular structures actuated by hydrogel muscles. The objective is to establish robust and computationally efficient methods to capture their highly non-linear response, to synthesize hydrogels that generate large deformations in response to external stimuli, to identify cellular architectures that amplify and direct the hydrogels' response, to develop 3D printing strategies that enables fabrication of computationally identified material designs, and to solve the inverse problem of identifying realizable layouts that form soft robotic matter with the desired behavior. Guided by these studies, the research team will then explore opportunities for application of the active soft robotic materials in the design of smart and adaptive structures, including manipulators, reconfigurable structures and adaptive optics. The research is expected to enable material design capabilities that shift the current paradigm for soft robotic materials by creating an efficient work-flow that given a target application identifies the optimal cellular microstructure and hydrogel composition.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术描述：材料科学与工程领域面临的重大挑战之一是设计主动和自适应材料的能力，这些材料能够动态地改变配置和功能，以响应特定的触发和周围环境的变化。具有形状变形能力和机械性能的按需可编程性（即，软机器人材料）将在可展开系统、动态光学、软机器人和医学中具有丰富的应用。水凝胶是一类刺激响应性材料，是设计这种软机器人材料的有前途的成分。水凝胶可以根据各种环境因素改变其体积几倍。此外，大多数水凝胶是透明和可拉伸的，并且具有成本效益和环境友好性。然而，大多数水凝胶是软而脆的，并且它们可以产生和耐受的应力是相当有限的。为了提高它们的驱动力和机械完整性，它们必须集成在具有更硬材料和结构的混合系统中。该项目将探索如何将联合收割机水凝胶单元与精心设计的弹性细胞支架结合起来，以放大活性成分的输出。激活后，低应力变形的水凝胶肌肉定位在支架将诱导大的重新配置的支架形态和使work.Technical Description：拟议的项目介绍和研究一类新的主动，可重构，和形状变形软机器人材料与编程的机械性能的基础上弹性体细胞结构驱动的水凝胶肌肉。目标是建立稳健且计算有效的方法来捕获其高度非线性响应，合成响应于外部刺激而产生大变形的水凝胶，识别放大和引导水凝胶响应的细胞结构，开发能够制造计算识别的材料设计的3D打印策略，并解决识别形成具有期望行为的软机器人物质的可实现布局的逆问题。在这些研究的指导下，研究小组将探索主动软机器人材料在智能和自适应结构设计中的应用机会，包括机械手，可重构结构和自适应光学。该研究有望通过创建一个高效的工作流程，确定目标应用的最佳细胞微结构和水凝胶成分，从而实现改变当前软机器人材料范式的材料设计能力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Geometric mechanics of ordered and disordered kirigami

有序和无序剪纸的几何力学

• DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2022.0822
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Physical and Engineering Sciences
• 作者: Chaudhary, G.;Niu, L.;Han, Q.;Lewicka, M.;Mahadevan, L.
• 通讯作者: Mahadevan, L.

Coordinated crawling via reinforcement learning

通过强化学习协调爬行

• DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2020.0198
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of The Royal Society Interface
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Mishra, Shruti;van Rees, Wim M.;Mahadevan, L.
• 通讯作者: Mahadevan, L.

Inflatable Origami: Multimodal Deformation via Multistability

• DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202201891
• 发表时间: 2022-06-03
• 期刊: ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
• 影响因子: 19
• 作者: Melancon, David;Forte, Antonio Elia;Bertoldi, Katia
• 通讯作者: Bertoldi, Katia

Flexible fluid-based encapsulation platform for water-sensitive materials

适用于水敏材料的灵活的基于流体的封装平台

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308804120
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
• 作者: Lemaire, Baptiste;Yu, Yanhao;Molinari, Nicola;Wu, Haichao;Goodwin, Zachary A.;Stricker, Friedrich;Kozinsky, Boris;Aizenberg, Joanna
• 通讯作者: Aizenberg, Joanna

Topological mechanics of knots and tangles

• DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz0135
• 发表时间: 2020-01-03
• 期刊: SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 56.9
• 作者: Patil, Vishal P.;Sandt, Joseph D.;Dunkel, Jorn
• 通讯作者: Dunkel, Jorn