CNH2-L: Social and ecological determinants of multi-host vector-borne infections in dynamic tropical landscapes

CNH2-L：动态热带景观中多宿主媒介传播感染的社会和生态决定因素

• 批准号: 1924200
• 负责人: Nicole Gottdenker
• 金额: $ 159.99万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-10-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1924200&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CNH2; Social; ecological; determinants; multi

This research examines the effects of human activity, including deforestation and reforestation, on the transmission of two vector-borne diseases of public health concern, Chagas Disease (CD) and American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL). CD causes heart disease, while ACL causes skin lesions that can be painful and persist for months to years. This project also investigates how ecological changes, disease transmission, risk management practices, and public policy simultaneously affect human activity. Project investigators elucidate how the dynamics of zoonotic pathogens in changing landscapes depend on complex interactions between social and environmental conditions. As many vector-borne diseases are expanding their ranges, this project provides public health officials data and strategies needed to anticipate the northward advance of CD, ACL, and other vector-borne diseases. Through collaboration with the Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, this project improves vector-control and disease management policies, with a direct impact on human health. This project provides education and training to undergraduate, graduate, and professional students, as well as public health workers, in the United States and Panama. This research contributes to advancements in the dynamics of socio-environmental systems by integrating disease ecology and social sciences. There has been increasing attention in disease ecology to theoretical and empirical studies of the ecological drivers of deforestation-associated zoonotic disease emergence, while at the same time in the social sciences there is growing knowledge about the economic and cultural drivers of, and responses to, forest change in the tropics. However, there is urgency in synthesizing this knowledge as the range for many vector-borne diseases expands out of the tropics. The investigators integrate social and ecological theory in model-guided empirical research that analyzes co-occurring vector-borne zoonotic diseases, Chagas Disease (CD) and American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL), in dynamic tropical forest landscapes. Using research methodologies from theoretical population biology, field ecology, veterinary epidemiology, and the social sciences, this multidisciplinary team develops a new and transferable framework for representing the combination of land conversion, related human activities, ecological communities, as well as their relationship to vector-borne disease transmission. Data will be gathered using ecological and social surveys, and these will be integrated using a computer model for land use change and disease transmission. The research focuses on three questions: (1) What human and environmental factors determine parasite transmission and human exposure within habitat types? (2) How does the timing and history of land conversion affect ACL and CD transmission? (3) What determines human perceptions and behaviors relating to infection risk across land types? The first question will be answered by determining relative vector abundance (by collecting sand-fly and kissing bug vectors), sampling domestic dogs from households as sentinels for CD and ACL, gathering microclimate data from households and vector habitats, and gathering anthropogenic data from direct observation and household interviews. To answer the second question, investigators will compile and analyze historical satellite imagery, air photos, regional land records, public health records on ACL and CD presence, data on vector habitat distribution, and survey public health officials to determine how human awareness of CD and ACL may change as length of time since deforestation increases. The third question will be assessed using a household survey and data from the local health system, comparing responses to time since deforestation and estimated infection risk from ACL and CD.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究探讨了人类活动的影响，包括砍伐森林和重新造林，对传播两种媒介传播的疾病的公共卫生关注，恰加斯病（CD）和美国皮肤利什曼病（ACL）。CD会导致心脏病，而ACL会导致皮肤病变，这些病变可能会疼痛并持续数月至数年。该项目还研究了生态变化、疾病传播、风险管理实践和公共政策如何同时影响人类活动。项目研究人员阐明了人畜共患病病原体在不断变化的景观中的动态如何取决于社会和环境条件之间复杂的相互作用。由于许多病媒传播的疾病正在扩大其范围，该项目为公共卫生官员提供了预测CD、ACL和其他病媒传播疾病向北蔓延所需的数据和战略。通过与戈尔加斯纪念卫生研究所的合作，该项目改进了病媒控制和疾病管理政策，对人类健康产生了直接影响。该项目为美国和巴拿马的本科生、研究生和专业学生以及公共卫生工作者提供教育和培训。这项研究通过整合疾病生态学和社会科学，促进了社会环境系统动态的发展。在疾病生态学中，人们越来越关注与毁林相关的人畜共患病出现的生态驱动因素的理论和实证研究，而与此同时，在社会科学中，人们越来越了解热带森林变化的经济和文化驱动因素及其应对措施。然而，由于许多病媒传播疾病的范围扩大到热带以外，因此迫切需要综合这方面的知识。研究人员将社会和生态理论整合到模型指导的实证研究中，分析了在动态热带森林景观中共同发生的媒介传播的人畜共患疾病，恰加斯病（CD）和美国皮肤利什曼病（ACL）。利用理论种群生物学，野外生态学，兽医流行病学和社会科学的研究方法，这个多学科团队开发了一个新的可转移的框架，用于代表土地转换，相关人类活动，生态社区的组合，以及它们与病媒传播疾病传播的关系。将利用生态和社会调查收集数据，并将利用土地使用变化和疾病传播的计算机模型将这些数据综合起来。本研究集中在三个问题：（1）人类和环境因素决定寄生虫的传播和人类接触的栖息地类型？(2)土地转换的时间和历史如何影响ACL和CD传输？(3)是什么决定了人类对不同土地类型感染风险的看法和行为？第一个问题将通过确定相对病媒丰度（通过收集白蛉和吻虫病媒）、从家庭中抽取家犬作为CD和ACL的哨兵、从家庭和病媒生境中收集小气候数据以及从直接观察和家庭访谈中收集人为数据来回答。为了回答第二个问题，研究人员将汇编和分析历史卫星图像，航空照片，区域土地记录，关于ACL和CD存在的公共卫生记录，关于媒介栖息地分布的数据，并调查公共卫生官员，以确定人类对CD和ACL的认识如何随着森林砍伐时间的增加而变化。第三个问题将使用家庭调查和当地卫生系统的数据进行评估，比较自砍伐森林以来的反应时间以及ACL和CD的估计感染风险。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Reifications in Disease Ecology 2: Towards a Decolonized Pedagogy Enabling Science by, and for, the People

疾病生态学的具体化 2：迈向非殖民化的教育学，使科学由人民掌握、为人民服务

• DOI: 10.1080/10455752.2022.2152065
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Capitalism Nature Socialism
• 作者: Chaves, Luis Fernando;Gottdenker, Nicole L.;Runk, Julie Velasquez;Bergmann, Luke R.
• 通讯作者: Bergmann, Luke R.

Reifications in Disease Ecology 1: Demystifying Land Use Change in Pathogen Emergence

疾病生态学具体化 1：揭秘病原体出现时的土地利用变化

• DOI: 10.1080/10455752.2022.2144397
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Capitalism Nature Socialism
• 作者: Chaves, Luis Fernando;Runk, Julie Velasquez;Bergmann, Luke R.;Gottdenker, Nicole L.
• 通讯作者: Gottdenker, Nicole L.