Collaborative Research: Leveraging the AMOC arrays and models to understand heat and freshwater transports in the North Atlantic

大西洋子午线翻转环流(AMOC)是影响天气和气候的热量和淡水的大规模再分配。该项目将使用海洋环流的数值模型来检查部署在北大西洋的系泊设备的长期观测记录。目标包括诊断AMOC的质量、热量和淡水通量，并评估在系泊处观察到的海洋属性与其他位置的海洋或大气属性之间的关系。该项目还将确定用于观测AMOC的最佳系泊阵列设计。该项目包括对北大西洋周围的中学生及其在气候中的独特作用的推广。该项目将使用一套海洋模式，包括ECCO变分数据同化模式系统，以检查来自北大西洋系泊阵列(包括OSNAP和RAPID-MOCHA)的长时间序列观测。其目标包括：将大西洋阵列数据同化为全球和区域海洋状况估计数，以评估这些数据对全球海洋观测系统独立要素的增值价值；诊断大西洋阵列观测到的质量、热量和淡水输送的可变性与造成大气强迫的关系；确定大西洋阵列数据是否有可能用作与海洋和气候相关的遥远的、未观测到的变量或指数的替代物；确定海洋和气候观测中心阵列的最佳重新设计。这项拟议的研究将补充NSF正在进行的通过AMOC观察海洋在气候中的作用的重大投资，并承诺确保未来的投资尽可能有效。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is a large-scale redistribution of heat and freshwater that impacts weather and climate. This project will use numerical models of the ocean circulation to examine the long record of observations from moorings deployed in the North Atlantic. The goals include diagnosing the mass, heat, and freshwater fluxes of the AMOC and assessing the relationships between observations of ocean properties at the moorings and ocean or atmospheric properties at other locations. The project will also determine the optimal mooring array design for observing the AMOC. The project includes outreach to middle and high school students entered around the North Atlantic Ocean and its unique role in climate.This project will use a suite of ocean models, including the ECCO variational data assimilation model system, to examine the long time-series of observations from North Atlantic mooring arrays (including OSNAP and RAPID-MOCHA). The goals include: assimilation of Atlantic array data into global and regional ocean state estimates to assess the value they add to independent elements of the Global Ocean Observing System; diagnosing relationship of observed mass, heat and freshwater transport variability at the arrays to causal atmospheric forcing; identification of the potential for the array data to serve as proxies for remote, unobserved variables or indices of key oceanic and climatic relevance; and determining the optimal redesign of the OSNAP array for observing AMOC. The proposed research will complement ongoing major investments by NSF in observing the ocean role in climate through the AMOC and promises to ensure that future investments are as effective as possible.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.