Research Coordination Network: In situ Studies of Rock Deformation (ISRD)

地震、火山和撞击坑表明了地球和太阳系其他天体内部活跃的动态过程。仅仅对这些事件的观察还不足以揭示其中的物理学原理。地球材料的实验室实验对于更好地理解地质、地球物理和地球化学观测至关重要。该研究协调网络（RCN）为具有广泛地球科学和工程背景的研究人员提供了一种手段，以探索可通过高能X射线设施获得的新技术。该RCN将促进来自不同科学界的国际合作，并吸引下一代科学家。该项目更广泛的影响包括妇女和代表性不足的群体参与STEM领域。这也将为岩石变形的新实验基础设施奠定基础。这些努力在基础和应用研究中有着广泛的应用，从减灾到能源和空间探索。该RCN将促进光束线技术与变形实验的集成，并为实验岩石变形研究创造新的方向。地球动力学过程的预测和推断需要将实验室校准的流变学模型外推到地质时间和空间尺度，这些尺度比实验室大许多个数量级。岩石变形过程的复杂性以及使用现有技术所固有的不确定性使得将实验室衍生的流变模型外推到更大规模的变形具有挑战性。通过该网络，美国研究人员将1）确定岩石变形中阻碍我们理解地质和地球物理过程的知识差距; 2）为不同的实验人员提供培训和教育机会，以获得有关光束线技术的必要知识，并为光束线科学家认识到与地质材料变形研究相关的需求和限制; 3）促进扩大实验研究基础设施的讨论; 4）促进跨学科合作，开发新的实验方法，研究不同时间尺度的动态过程。RCN还将为国家辐射研究中心内的岩石变形新实验基础设施开发奠定基础。这些努力产生的新数据流将在基础和应用研究中有广泛的应用，涉及的主题从减灾到能源资源，到空间探索等等。该项目得到了地球物理学、构造学、GeoPRISMS和仪器与设施项目的支持。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Earthquakes, volcanoes, and impact craters demonstrate the dynamic processes active within the Earth and other bodies in the solar system. Observations of these events alone are not enough to the underlying physics at play. Laboratory experiments on Earth materials are essential to better understand geological, geophysical, and geochemical observations. This Research Coordination Network (RCN) provides the means for the researchers with a broad range of backgrounds in Earth science and engineering to explore new technologies that are available through high-energy X-ray facilities. This RCN will foster international collaborations from different scientific communities and engage the next generation of scientists. The broader impacts of the project include the participation of women and under-represented groups in STEM fields. It will also lay the foundation for new experimental infrastructure in rock deformation. These efforts have wide-reaching applications in basic and applied research, from topics like hazard mitigation to energy resources and space exploration.This RCN will facilitate the integration of beamline technologies with deformation experiments and create new directions for experimental rock deformation research. Predictions and inferences of geodynamic processes require extrapolation of lab-calibrated rheological models to geological time and spatial scales that are many orders of magnitude larger than in the laboratory. The complexity of rock deformation processes together with the uncertainties inherent in using existing techniques make extrapolating laboratory-derived rheological models to larger-scale deformation challenging. Through the network, U.S. researchers will 1) identify knowledge gaps in rock deformation that hinder our understanding of geological and geophysical processes; 2) provide training and education opportunities for a diverse group of experimentalists to gain necessary knowledge about beamline technologies, and for beamline scientists to recognize the needs and constraints associated with deformation research on geomaterials; 3) promote the discussion of expanding the infrastructure for experimental research; and 4) foster collaborations across disciplines to develop new experimental methodologies for studying dynamic processes at various time scales. The RCN will also lay the foundation for new experimental infrastructure development for rock deformation within national radiation research centers. New data streams from these efforts will have wide-reaching applications in basic and applied research, on topics ranging from hazard mitigation, to energy resources, to space exploration, and beyond. This project is supported by the Geophysics, Tectonics, GeoPRISMS and Instrumentation and Facilities programs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.