Phase 2 of Enhancements to the OOI Cabled Array at Axial Seamount

轴向海山 OOI 电缆阵列增强的第二阶段

• 批准号: 1928282
• 负责人: William Chadwick
• 金额: $ 62.69万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-15 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1928282&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Phase; Enhancements; OOI; Cabled; Array

Axial Seamount is the most active volcano in the U.S. Pacific Northwest - it just happens to be located underwater, about 300 miles off the Oregon coast. It has erupted three times in the last 20 years, and we know it is building toward another eruption in the next few years. Consequently, it is an ideal site for long-term monitoring with the National Science Foundation's Ocean Observatory Initiative Cabled Array (OOI-CA) in the Northeast Pacific ocean, which is the world's most advanced underwater volcano observatory. Previous monitoring with the OOI-CA has shown that Axial Seamount has a very repeatable cycle of inflation and deflation that has been used to forecast eruptions. This project will deploy additional monitoring instruments at Axial Seamount over the next 5 years and these will allow us to better forecast the next eruption, will improve our models of magma is supplied and stored within the volcano, and will test ideas about the deep-sea marine environment is impacted by submarine eruptions. This research serves the national interest and society because it will improve our understanding of how volcanoes work and how eruptions can be better forecast (both on land and underwater).This project will fund modest, cost-effective, and timely enhancements to the instrumentation on the OOI Cable Array to address some deficiencies in the existing infrastructure. A key element will be deploying Conductivity, Temperature, Depth (CTD) instruments on the seafloor to measure changes in salinity to test the hypothesis that hydrothermal brines are released in the summit caldera during some eruptions. Specifically this project will: (1) keep one seafloor CTD that is already deployed operating on the OOI-CA for 5 more years, (2) add two additional seafloor CTDs at two other sites on the OOI-CA for expanded spatial coverage and needed redundancy, and (3) build eight Mini-BPR (bottom pressure recorder) sensors to replace other instruments that are part of the long-term geodetic monitoring that augments the observations from the OOI-CA. These enhancements to the monitoring effort at Axial Seamount will be available in time to be deployed during the next eruption at Axial Seamount (currently expected between 2020-2022), which will help to increase our understanding of the shallow magma supply and storage systems at active basaltic volcanoes, the processes that lead to and trigger eruptions, and the impacts of submarine eruptions on hydrothermal systems and chemosynthetic ecosystems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

轴向海山是美国太平洋西北地区最活跃的火山 - 恰好位于俄勒冈州海岸约300英里的水下。 在过去的20年中，它已经爆发了三次，我们知道它正在朝着未来几年的另一次喷发发展。 因此，它是国家科学基金会的海洋天文台倡议（OOI-CA）在东北太平洋的理想场所进行长期监测，这是世界上最先进的水下火山天文台。 先前对OOI-CA进行的监测表明，轴向海山具有非常可重复的通货膨胀和放气循环，该循环已用于预测喷发。 该项目将在接下来的5年中部署轴向海山的其他监控工具，这些项目将使我们能够更好地预测下一次喷发，将改善我们的岩浆模型，并在火山中提供并存储，并将测试有关深海海洋环境的想法，受到海底喷发的影响。 这项研究为国家利益和社会提供了服务，因为它将提高我们对火山的工作方式以及如何更好地预测火山的理解（无论是在土地和水下上）。该项目将资助OOI电缆阵列上适度，成本效益和及时增强仪器的适度，成本效益和及时的增强，以解决现有基础架构中的某些不足。 一个关键要素是在海底部署电导率，温度，深度（CTD）仪器，以测量盐度的变化，以测试在某些喷发期间在Summit Caldera中释放热液盐水的假设。 具体而言，该项目将：（1）保持一个已经部署在OOI-CA上的海底CTD 5年，（2）在OOI-CA上的其他两个站点上添加两个额外的海底CTD来自ooi-ca。这些对轴向海山监控工作的增强能力将及时提供，在轴向海山的下一次喷发期间（目前预计在2020年至2022年之间），这将有助于提高我们对活跃盆底火山的浅层岩浆供应和存储系统的了解生态系统。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的评论标准的评估来支持的。