Upgrade to the continuous GPS network on Sierra Negra volcano, Galapagos

升级至加拉帕戈斯内格拉火山的连续 GPS 网络

• 批准号: 0809574
• 负责人: William Chadwick
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-06-15 至 2010-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0809574&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Upgrade; continuous; GPS; network; Sierra

The main objective of this project is to add two additional continuous Global Positioning System (CGPS) stations to the existing 8-station CGPS network at Sierra Negra volcano, on the Galapagos island of Isabela. This network, originally installed in June 2002, successfully captured the extraordinary deformation leading up to and during the October 2005 eruption at the Sierra Negra. The eruption was preceded by multiple ?trapdoor faulting? events in the caldera floor, and accelerating inflation that amounted to 2.2 m of uplift in 30 months (?trapdoor faults? are curved faults that bound an uplifted block with a hinge zone on one side, like a trapdoor). More trapdoor faulting, dike intrusion, and subsidence of over 5 m in the caldera were associated with the eruption itself. The two additional CGPS stations will allow the investigators to fill a critical gap in the deformation monitoring, will eliminate ambiguity in satellite radar interferometry (InSAR) scenes that are discontinuous across the fault system, and will help better detection and modeling of the on-going deformation at the volcano. This work is timely because Sierra Negra began to re-inflate as soon as the October 2005 eruption was over and the center of the caldera has already been uplifted by over 2 m. At this rate of inflation, more trapdoor faulting events or eruptions are likely within the next few years. This project will ensure that researchers learn as much as possible from future events at this very active volcano, which is one of the best places on Earth to study the shallow intrusion of magma in space and time.

该项目的主要目标是在塞拉内格拉火山现有的8个站点的CGPS网络上增加两个连续的全球定位系统（CGPS）站，该网络位于伊莎贝拉的加拉帕戈斯岛。这个网络最初是在2002年6月安装的，它成功地捕捉到了2005年10月塞拉内格拉火山爆发前和爆发期间的异常变形。火山爆发前有多个？活板门断层?火山口底部发生的事件，以及在30个月内抬升2.2米(？活板门的缺点吗?是弯曲的断层，将隆起的块体与一侧的铰链区（如活板门）结合在一起。更多的活门断裂、岩脉侵入和火山口下沉超过5米与喷发本身有关。这两个额外的CGPS站将使研究人员能够填补变形监测中的一个关键空白，将消除卫星雷达干涉测量（InSAR）场景中的模糊性，这些场景在整个断层系统中不连续，并将有助于更好地检测和模拟火山正在进行的变形。这项工作很及时，因为2005年10月的火山喷发一结束，内格拉火山就开始重新膨胀，火山口中心已经上升了2米多。在这样的通货膨胀率下，未来几年内可能会发生更多的活板门断层事件或火山爆发。这个项目将确保研究人员从这座非常活跃的火山的未来事件中了解到尽可能多的信息，这座火山是地球上研究岩浆在空间和时间上浅层侵入的最佳地点之一。