EarthCube Data Capabilities: Collaborative Proposal: Reducing Time-To-Science in the Earth Sciences: Annotations to foster convergence, inclusion, and credit

联邦资助研究的长期可持续性取决于数据的发现、获取和再利用。然而，数据和研究产品通常存储在不同的位置。这使得查找和集成相关数据具有挑战性。该项目有助于支持发现与地球科学和自然历史数据相关但分布的研究产品。研究将有一种方法来链接数据资源，添加上下文，或提供关于数据、软件和出版物的额外信息。研究人员使用该系统创建使用唯一标识符链接资源的注释。随着时间的推移，这些链接连接起来创建一个数据资源网络。该项目将支持底层数据库的开发，用于访问和发现的用户界面，以及一些文档工具和研讨会，以帮助支持吞吐量数据库的持续开发和可持续性。该项目的更广泛影响包括早期职业研究人员的参与，以及更好地分享地球科学方面的数据和其他研究产品。提高数据、元数据和服务的可发现性是整个地球科学领域共同的需求。在地球科学研究中增加“到科学的时间”的一个障碍是跨子领域整合单个观测、概念、数据模型和统计技术的困难。吞吐量注释引擎（TAE）通过提供多个入口点来访问、注释和与数据交互，并将代码、数据、出版物或其他元素彼此链接起来，为管理跨学科工作流的挑战提供了一个解决方案。TAE将支持作为系统的一部分采用，将外部用户链接到数据存储库，并在决定如何管理新信息方面为数据管理员提供一定程度的灵活性：是将注释中的信息合并到他们的数据模型中，还是使用吞吐量API访问和报告注释。吞吐量通过提供一种机制来跟踪一系列出版物和在线资源的使用和实施，从而提高了数据、软件和文档的可信度，并将提供一套基于FORCE11建议的新的引用工具。TAE中的链接注释支持为标准出版度量之外的研究基础设施生成度量。Cookbook将允许个人和社区识别程序化工作流程，并将其链接到社区数据资源。该手册将为研究人员提供访问社区最佳实践的途径，并通过利用ORCID用户凭证，向从事文档和工作流开发的个人提供访问。Throughput提供了一个以用户为中心的解决方案，以深化和强化科学家、数据、软件服务、期刊和资助者等新兴关联数据生态系统中众多节点之间的联系。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The long term sustainability of federally funded research depends on the discovery, accessibility and reuse of data. However, data and research products are often stored in different locations. This makes it challenging to find and integrate related data. This project helps support the discovery of related but distributed research products for Earth science and natural history data. Researches will have a way to link data resources, add context, or provide additional information about data, software and publications. Researchers use this system to create annotations that link resources using unique identifiers. Over time, these links connect to create a network of data resources. This project will support the development of the underlying database, a user interface for access and discovery, and a number of documentation tools and workshops to help support the ongoing development and sustainability of the Throughput database.The broader impacts of this project include the engagement of early career researchers and the better sharing of data and other research products in the Earth sciences.Improved discoverability of data, metadata and services is a need shared across the geosciences. A barrier that increases "time-to-science" in Earth Science research is the difficulty of integrating individual observations, concepts, data models, and statistical techniques across subfields. The Throughput Annotation Engine (TAE) offers a solution to the challenge of managing interdisciplinary workflows by providing multiple points of entry to access, annotate and interact with data, and to link code, data, publications, or other elements to one another. The TAE will support adoption as part of a system of systems, linking outside users to data repositories, and providing data stewards a degree of flexibility in deciding how to manage new information: whether to incorporate information in annotations into their data models, or to access and report annotations using the Throughput API. Throughput improves credit for data, software and documentation by providing a mechanism to track use and implementation across a range of publications and online resources, and will provide a new set of citation tools based on FORCE11 recommendations. Linked annotations in the TAE support the generation of metrics for research infrastructure beyond standard publication metrics. The Cookbook will allow individuals and communities to identify programmatic workflows, and link them to community data resources. The Cookbook will provide researchers with access to community best-practices, and, by leveraging ORCID user credentials, to individuals engaged in the development of documentation and workflows. Throughput offers a user-centered solution to deepening and densifying connections among the many nodes in the emerging linked data ecosystem of scientists, data, software services, journals, and funders.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.