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Collaborative Research: BEE: Understanding Evolutionary Rescue

合作研究：BEE：理解进化拯救

基本信息

批准号：
1930650
负责人：
Ruth Hufbauer
金额：
$ 69.9万
依托单位：
Colorado State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-11-01 至 2024-10-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1930650&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research BEE Understanding Evolutionary

项目摘要

This research will explore how evolution can rescue a population from extinction due to drastic changes in the environment. When those changes are rapid, the plants, animals, and other organisms living in a place can go extinct, particularly when populations are small and movement between them is difficult. Under some circumstances, rapid adaptation to altered conditions can allow those small populations to grow and avoid extinction. This project focuses on the factors that determine whether populations adapt and persist or go extinct including: the size of the place, the size of the population, the amount of genetic variation a population has, and whether movement between places is possible or not. Given rapid environmental changes that are occurring worldwide, the information gained will be crucial for successful management of both endangered species and invasive pests. Undergraduate and graduate students will be involved in the research, and outreach to the public through the Colorado State University Bug Zoo will enhance societal understanding of conservation and species management.Theory and experiments show that adaptation can be rapid enough to prevent or delay extinctions: the process of evolutionary rescue. Most empirical studies of evolutionary rescue use haploid microorganisms. However, the species most at risk of extinction are larger diploid organisms. In these species, the standing genetic variation of deleterious alleles is high, and populations are often small, favoring drift and inbreeding relative to selection. Theoretical and empirical studies of rescue often fail to account for randomness in ecological processes or for processes that can inhibit population growth, such as density dependence, genetic drift, and inbreeding, which counter the effects of adaptive evolution. Using a model biological system (Tribolium castaneum flour beetles) the researchers will conduct experiments that manipulate population history, size, density, dispersal rate, and dispersal source, compared to non-evolving controls, and will examine consequences for fitness, extinction, and genomic diversity. The experiments will be paired with new, combined ecological and evolutionary models that will facilitate quantifying experimental results and allow the research to be generalized to other species.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究将探索进化如何使种群免于因环境的剧烈变化而灭绝。当这些变化迅速时，生活在一个地方的植物、动物和其他有机体可能会灭绝，特别是在种群数量较少、难以在它们之间移动的情况下。在某些情况下，快速适应变化的条件可以使这些小种群增长并避免灭绝。这个项目的重点是决定种群是否适应、生存或灭绝的因素，包括：地点的大小、种群的大小、种群的遗传变异量以及是否可能在地点之间迁移。鉴于世界各地正在发生的快速环境变化，所获得的信息将对成功管理濒危物种和入侵害虫至关重要。本科生和研究生将参与这项研究，通过科罗拉多州立大学昆虫动物园向公众宣传将加强社会对保护和物种管理的理解。理论和实验表明，适应可以足够快地防止或延缓灭绝：进化拯救的过程。大多数关于进化拯救的实证研究都使用单倍体微生物。然而，最有可能灭绝的物种是体型较大的二倍体生物。在这些物种中，有害等位基因的遗传变异很高，而且种群通常很小，相对于选择，更有利于漂移和近亲交配。救援的理论和经验研究往往没有考虑到生态过程中的随机性，也没有考虑到可能抑制种群增长的过程，如密度依赖、遗传漂移和近亲繁殖，这些过程抵消了适应性进化的影响。研究人员将利用一个模型生物系统(赤拟谷盗)进行实验，与未进化的对照相比，操纵种群历史、大小、密度、扩散速度和扩散来源，并检查对适合度、灭绝和基因组多样性的影响。这些实验将与新的、组合的生态和进化模型配对，这些模型将有助于量化实验结果，并允许将研究推广到其他物种。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。