Manufacture by forming and characterization of actuator profiles based on Shape-Memory-Alloys

改良孔模复合挤压是一种适合于单向增强金属基复合材料的制造工艺。在挤压过程中，以线材或带状形式的特定增强元件被送入模具的焊接腔。先前的研究关于增强元件和功能元件的嵌入通过复合挤压工艺已经在SFB / TR 10中进行。为了拓展复合材料的创新潜力，应将形状记忆合金集成到结构型材中。通过集成在轮廓中的形状记忆元件的热诱导反应，可以实现结构的主动致动器功能。通过双向形状记忆效应可以实现可逆函数，这是由于在型材生产之后进行的热机械处理。对于具有分级性能的执行器的生产，热处理要在整个型材长度以及局部进行。在这方面，确定了复合材料的变形极限。为了确定和加深对形状记忆合金金属基复合材料（SMA-MMC）领域材料的理解，所生产的型材将通过材料科学研究来测试其机械性能、损伤行为和致动器的功能。在项目的第一阶段，开发的执行器概念得到了验证，并展示了提高机械性能的潜力。在项目的第二阶段，重点是执行器行为的数值模拟。然后，获得的知识将用于设计具有改进机械性能的执行器和型材。

Composite extrusion with modified porthole dies is a suitable manufacturing process for unidirectionally reinforced metal matrix composites. During the extrusion process, specific reinforcing elements in the form of wires or ribbons are fed into the welding chamber of the die. Previous investigations regarding the embedding of reinforcing elements and also of functional elements by means of the composite extrusion process have been performed within SFB / TR 10. In order to expand the innovative potential of composite materials, so called shape-memory-alloys should be integrated into structural profiles. By means of a thermally induced reaction of the shape memory elements integrated in the profile, an active actuator function of the structure can be achieved. A reversible function by means of a two-way-shape-memory-effect can be achieved due to a thermomechanical treatment subsequently to the profile production. For the production of actuators with graded properties, the thermomechanical treatment is to be carried out over the entire profile length as well as locally. In this regard, the deformation limits of the composite material are determined. The profiles produced are to be tested by materials science investigations regarding their mechanical properties, the damage behaviour and the functionality of the actuator in order to determine and deepen the understanding of the material in the field of shape-memory-alloy-metal-matrix-composites (SMA-MMC).In the first phase of the project, the developed actuator concept was validated and the potential for increased mechanical properties was demonstrated. In the second phase of the project, the focus is on the numerical simulation of the actuator behaviour. The gained knowledge is then to be used for the design of actuators and profiles with improved mechanical properties.