DASI Track 2: MagStar- Improving the Spatial Coverage of United States Magnetometers for Space Weather Research and Operations

这个由地球空间基础设施和设施项目支持的分布式小型仪器阵列（DASI）项目将提供对地球磁层的长期观测，旨在研究地磁感应电流（gic）。在地磁风暴期间，gic会影响电网，特别是那些变压器老化的电网。最近的2019年以及之前的2015年国家空间天气战略和行动计划要求进一步研究感应地电场。即将部署的高质量仪器将增加美国大陆稀疏的覆盖范围，并为科学和操作社区提供可靠的数据流。磁力计将部署在全国六个地点。增强时间分辨率和噪声特性的磁力计空间覆盖范围的改善，有可能推动地球科学领域广泛的交叉和跨学科的科学研究，包括地球物理学、磁层物理学、电离层物理学和GIC科学。这些领域中一些最重要的问题，例如局部增强的GIC驱动器，只有在适当的空间和时间尺度上获得磁场数据才能取得进展。科学和操作目标可以同时实现，通过高质量的测量，实时交付（不到一秒的延迟），与先进的工业化组件和数据传输基础设施。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This Distributed Arrays of Small Instruments (DASI) project supported by the Geospace Infrastructure and Facilities program will provide long-term observations of the Earth's magnetosphere aimed at studying geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). During geomagnetic storms, GICs can impact power grids, particularly those with aging transformers. The recent 2019 as well as the previous 2015 National Space Weather Strategy and Action Plans call for further study of induced geoelectric fields. The high-quality instruments to be deployed will add to the sparse coverage of the continental U.S. and provide reliable streams for the science as well as operations community. Magnetometers will be deployed at six sites across the country.Improved spatial coverage of magnetometers with the enhanced temporal resolution and noise characteristics has the potential to advance a broad cross- and inter-disciplinary range of scientific research across the geosciences, including geophysics, magnetospheric physics, ionospheric physics, and GIC science. Some of the most important questions in these fields, for example localized enhancements of GIC drivers, cannot progress until magnetic field data at the appropriate spatial and temporal scales becomes available. The scientific and operational goals can be met concurrently, through high-quality measurements, delivered in real-time (less than a second latency), with advanced industrialized components and data transfer infrastructure.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.