权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

CAREER: How female aggression evolves: scaling genomics and phenomics from individuals to species

职业：女性攻击性如何演变：从个体到物种的基因组学和表型组学

基本信息

批准号：
1942192
负责人：
Kimberly Rosvall
金额：
$ 98.39万
依托单位：
Indiana University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-03-01 至 2025-02-28
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1942192&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER How female aggression evolves

项目摘要

Animal behavior is an interdisciplinary science, but research that integrates genetic and physiological mechanisms across multiple species is limited, leaving uncertainty as to how behavioral diversity arises in nature. The research fills this knowledge gap by focusing on female-female aggression, a behavior that is widespread and beneficial in the animal kingdom, but poorly understood. This research will experimentally test how individual differences in aggression arise at the level of the brain. In addition, experiments and comparative analyses will explore whether the physiological and environmental drivers of aggression are conserved or unique across multiple species. These efforts will yield quantitative models on the origin of behavioral variation, including perspectives that connect multiple levels of biological complexity, from genes to the environment and from individuals to species. This research is coupled with an educational plan that injects writing into research-based curricula in animal behavior. Activities include writing exercises and training that will improve scientific comprehension, critical thinking and communication in undergraduate and graduate students. Freshmen and sophomores will also be guided through the full scientific process through a new writing intensive course-based research program using data collected here. These activities will generate lasting institutional programs for improved research and scientific education. By removing poor writing as a barrier to success, these activities will attract and retain diverse scientists, generating a better prepared workforce in animal behavior and allied biological disciplines. Dissemination of results to community groups and schools will further amplify these goals, improving science literacy and knowledge of animal behavior for the general public and specialists alike.The goal of this research is to integrate mechanistic and functional perspectives on within- and among-species variation in female aggression to unveil how behavioral evolution unfolds. By contrasting neurogenomic responses to aggression at both individual and species levels, new data will reveal how the mechanisms generating behavioral variation are conserved across levels of biological organization. Together with phylogenetic analyses on the evolutionary drivers of female aggression across 30 species, this research will systematically test the degree of parallelism (or lack thereof) in behavioral evolution, including both functional and mechanistic perspectives. Earlier efforts to understand competitive traits in females have met with limited success, but the hypotheses tested previously were derived from research on male animals. Considering that female birds are the initial dispersers and therefore front-line responders to new environmental challenges, the studies on females are especially critical. The integrated research and educational plan offers an extraordinary opportunity to link function and mechanism of behavior over evolutionary time, while also changing the culture of scientific training in ways that feed back to advances in animal behavior and allied STEM fields. The writing-research activities directed at multiple levels in higher education will better prepare the future STEM workforce. Through the mentorship of undergrad, grad, and postdoctoral trainees, and new partnerships with a writing intensive course-based research experience, this grant facilitates exceptional training in integrative behavioral research and establishes self-sustaining programs that will generate advances at the interface of behavior, evolution, and genomics. This work is jointly funded by the Behavioral Systems Cluster in the Division of Integrative Organismal Systems and the Evolutionary Processes Cluster in the Division of Environmental Biology.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

动物行为学是一门跨学科的科学，但在多物种中整合遗传和生理机制的研究是有限的，这使得行为多样性如何在自然界中产生的不确定性。这项研究通过关注雌性之间的攻击行为填补了这一知识空白，这种行为在动物王国中很普遍，也很有益，但人们对这种行为知之甚少。这项研究将通过实验测试个体在大脑层面上的攻击性差异是如何产生的。此外，实验和比较分析将探讨攻击的生理和环境驱动因素是否在多个物种中是保守的或独特的。这些努力将产生行为变异起源的定量模型，包括从基因到环境、从个体到物种等生物复杂性的多个层面的视角。这项研究与一项教育计划相结合，该计划将写作注入动物行为学的研究性课程。活动包括写作练习和训练，以提高本科生和研究生的科学理解能力、批判性思维和沟通能力。大一和大二的学生还将通过一个新的写作强化课程研究项目，利用这里收集的数据，指导他们完成完整的科学过程。这些活动将产生持久的机构计划，以改进研究和科学教育。通过消除作为成功障碍的糟糕写作，这些活动将吸引和留住不同的科学家，在动物行为学和相关的生物学学科中产生更有准备的劳动力。向社区团体和学校传播结果将进一步扩大这些目标，提高公众和专家的科学素养和动物行为知识。本研究的目的是整合物种内和物种间雌性攻击性变异的机制和功能视角，揭示行为进化是如何展开的。通过对比个体和物种水平上对攻击的神经基因组反应，新的数据将揭示产生行为变异的机制是如何在生物组织水平上保守的。结合对30个物种的雌性攻击进化驱动因素的系统发育分析，本研究将系统地测试行为进化中的平行度（或缺乏平行度），包括功能和机制的观点。早期了解雌性竞争特征的努力取得了有限的成功，但之前测试的假设来自于对雄性动物的研究。考虑到雌性鸟类是最初的传播者，因此是对新环境挑战的第一线反应者，对雌性鸟类的研究尤为重要。综合研究和教育计划提供了一个非凡的机会，将进化过程中的功能和行为机制联系起来，同时也改变了科学训练的文化，以反馈动物行为和相关STEM领域的进步。高等教育中针对多个层次的写作研究活动将更好地为未来的STEM劳动力做好准备。通过对本科生、研究生和博士后学员的指导，以及与写作强化课程研究经验的新合作伙伴关系，该资助促进了综合行为研究的特殊培训，并建立了将在行为、进化和基因组学的界面上产生进步的自我维持项目。这项工作是由综合生物系统部门的行为系统集群和环境生物学部门的进化过程集群共同资助的。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。