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Testing hypotheses of social priming in females

测试女性社会启动的假设

基本信息

批准号：
1656109
负责人：
Kimberly Rosvall
金额：
$ 52万
依托单位：
Indiana University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-03-15 至 2021-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1656109&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Testing hypotheses social priming females

项目摘要

Non-technical Abstract:Social competition among males is thought to induce a coordinated set of behavioral and physiological responses that are adaptive for continued success during competition. It is far less clear how these processes operate in females, despite emerging evidence that female competition is widespread and beneficial in the animal kingdom. This research will identify whether and how social competition "primes" (or adaptively prepares) females for future competition. The subject is a cavity-nesting female songbird, the tree swallow, for which social challenges from rivals pose a very real threat to survival and reproduction. Using experimental manipulations that generate competition in the wild, this research will investigate how social competition alters female aggression, maternal care, and immune function, including tools and approaches that connect multiple levels of biological organization, from gene expression, to behavior and physiology, to reproductive fitness. Research on female aggression is an excellent platform for outreach to women and girls in science, and this will be highlighted in hands-on modules for several community organizations near Indiana University's campus, with an emphasis on the plight of cavity nesting birds and the effects of habitat loss on their behavior. The development of an interactive data-logging nestbox features prominently in these efforts. This project will also provide unique training for undergraduates in animal behavior, including field, lab, and programming skills, public speaking, ethics, and critical thinking. The primary avenue for training is a summer undergraduate research program that targets groups underrepresented in the sciences. Technical Abstract:The overall goal of this research is to determine how social challenges prepare females for future social instability, particularly how brain and periphery are coordinated in their phenotypic and transcriptomic responses. The working hypotheses are that social challenges prime females for success in future competition, favoring greater aggression at the expense of parenting and self-maintenance, and that these effects are coordinated by tissue-level changes in specific G protein-coupled receptor signaling systems that are not as costly to females as the male-typical social modulation of testosterone. Using experimental manipulations that generate true social instability in the wild, this research will (1) quantify how social instability alters aggression and maternal care, (2) quantify how the social environment affects inflammatory function, as an integrated measure of immune system readiness that may be relevant during competition, and (3) identify and experimentally perturb socially sensitive gene networks in neural and peripheral tissues, including one tissue that can be re-sampled without euthanasia (blood). This research is therefore an essential step in organismal biology's goal of predicting responses to diverse environmental challenges, and it will advance the development of broadly applicable models of behavioral plasticity that integrate function with mechanism. A whole-organism approach will allow new perspectives on phenotypic and genomic flexibility, where insights to be gained by joint consideration of brain and periphery have yet to be fully realized. These studies offer an extraordinary opportunity for substantive advances in understanding the mechanisms, phenotypic consequences, and adaptive significance of organismal responses to ecologically relevant behavioral challenges.

非技术摘要：男性之间的社会竞争被认为是诱导一组协调的行为和生理反应，是适应在竞争过程中的持续成功。尽管有新的证据表明，雌性竞争在动物王国中是广泛而有益的，但这些过程在雌性中是如何运作的还不太清楚。这项研究将确定是否以及如何社会竞争“总理”（或适应性准备）女性未来的竞争。主题是一只在洞穴筑巢的雌性鸣禽，树燕，来自竞争对手的社会挑战对生存和繁殖构成了非常真实的威胁。使用在野外产生竞争的实验操作，本研究将调查社会竞争如何改变女性的攻击性，孕产妇护理和免疫功能，包括连接多个层次的生物组织的工具和方法，从基因表达，到行为和生理，再到生殖健康。对女性侵略的研究是一个很好的平台外展妇女和女孩在科学，这将是突出的实践模块附近的几个社区组织印第安纳州大学的校园，重点是洞穴筑巢鸟类的困境和栖息地丧失对他们的行为的影响。这些努力的一个突出特点是开发了一个交互式数据记录巢箱。该项目还将为动物行为本科生提供独特的培训，包括现场，实验室和编程技能，公共演讲，道德和批判性思维。培训的主要途径是针对科学领域代表性不足的群体的暑期本科研究计划。技术摘要：本研究的总体目标是确定社会挑战如何为女性未来的社会不稳定做好准备，特别是大脑和外周如何在表型和转录组反应中协调。工作的假设是，社会的挑战总理女性在未来的竞争中取得成功，有利于更大的侵略性，在父母和自我维护的代价，这些影响是协调组织水平的变化，在特定的G蛋白偶联受体信号系统，是不是昂贵的女性作为男性典型的社会调节睾酮。使用在野外产生真正的社会不稳定的实验操作，这项研究将（1）量化社会不稳定如何改变攻击性和产妇护理，（2）量化社会环境如何影响炎症功能，作为免疫系统准备的综合措施，可能在竞争中相关，（3）识别和实验干扰神经和外周组织中的社会敏感基因网络，包括一个可以在不安乐死的情况下重新取样的组织（血液）。因此，这项研究是生物生物学预测对不同环境挑战的反应的目标的重要一步，它将推动广泛适用的行为可塑性模型的发展，将功能与机制相结合。整体生物体的方法将允许对表型和基因组灵活性的新观点，其中通过联合考虑大脑和外周获得的见解尚未完全实现。这些研究为理解生物体对生态相关行为挑战的反应机制、表型后果和适应意义提供了一个难得的机会。