Architecture between art and science. The education of architects at the Bauakademie in Berlin around 1800

该项目的目标是创建一项关于18世纪下半叶柏林建筑师教育的综合研究。这项研究的重点是1800年左右所有德语国家最重要的建筑教育机构之一，柏林Bauakademie，成立于1799年，经过巨大的改革努力。艺术学院和普鲁士建筑管理部门的成员就Bauakademie的结构和课程发表了专业意见，他们强烈关注建筑是否应该被视为艺术，或者更确切地说，是科学。这些陈述是对1800年前后建筑理解的一个独特的、迄今尚未被考虑的来源，并将与欧洲建筑师教育的发展进行详细的考察。通过档案文件、当代教科书和学习图纸，将分析Bauakademie的教育内容和在学费范围内传授知识的方法。同时，将调查单身教授的作用以及1800年左右在Bauakademie注册的学生的社会背景、课程和职业的选择。为了弄清Bauakademie学院学费的特殊性，将通过三个案例对维也纳、慕尼黑和卡尔斯鲁厄的建筑师教育进行比较。将考察学院在辛克尔时代之前对柏林建筑活动的影响，以及它作为其他学术和理工学院的榜样的作用。

The objective of the project is the creation of a comprehensive study concerning the education of architects in Berlin during the second half of the 18th century. The research focusses on one of the most important institutions of architectural education for all German speaking countries around 1800, the Berliner Bauakademie, founded in 1799 in the course of tremendous reform efforts. The professional opinions uttered by members of the Academy of Arts and of the Prussian building administration about the structure and the curriculum of the Bauakademie were intensively concerned with the question whether architecture should be considered as art or rather science. These statements are a unique, so far unconsidered source for the understanding of architecture around 1800 and will be examined with a detailed look at the European development of the education of architects. By means of archive files, contemporary textbooks and study drawings the educational content and methods of knowledge transfer within the tuition at the Bauakademie will be analyzed. At the same time the role of single professors as well as the social background, the selection of courses and careers of the students enrolled at the Bauakademie around 1800 will be investigated. In order to work out the particularities of tuition at the Bauakademie, the education of architects in Vienna, Munich and Karlsruhe will be compared in three case studies. The influence of the Academy on the building activities in Berlin before the Schinkel era will be examined as well as its functioning as a role model for other academic and polytechnic institutions.