权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

CAREER: Precipitation Variability Across Multiple Timescales

职业：多个时间尺度的降水变化

基本信息

批准号：
1944177
负责人：
Elinor Martin
金额：
$ 94.04万
依托单位：
University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-07-01 至 2025-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1944177&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Precipitation Variability Across Multiple

项目摘要

Precipitation can vary on time scales from minutes to centuries and can significantly impact a variety of sectors including water resources, managed and natural ecosystems, and public health. Precipitation is becoming more variable across much of the globe, and this variability is projected to increase in the future having potentially dramatic societal impacts. This project will advance physical understanding and the ability to predict precipitation variability while building the ability of students to see themselves as scientists in the workforce (a.k.a. science identity) and contribute to a diverse, equitable, and inclusive STEM community. The investigation goes beyond traditional individual timescales to understand how and why precipitation at different timescales interact. Of particular focus will be understanding how the seasonal cycle of precipitation varies (i.e., the timing and magnitude of precipitation received throughout the year) and how and why rapid transitions between wet and dry conditions occur. Without a thorough understanding of the processes and mechanisms that control variability, prediction of precipitation variations cannot be improved. The project will be accomplished through analyses of observations and historical forecasts and by conducting climate model experiments to disentangle and unravel precipitation interactions across different timescales. The research will be integrated with an education program that utilizes precipitation variability research to build student’s atmospheric science identity through videos, scientist spotlights, and a Precip-a-Thon. This project will address fundamental science questions at the interface of grand challenges in weather and climate extremes, water sustainability, and informed decision making. Science will be advanced by quantifying variability and diagnosing mechanisms and predictability of the annual cycle of precipitation, rapid wet-dry transitions, and associated extreme events across North America. Through these scientific advances, our ability to predict impactful precipitation fluctuations will be increased. Understanding, and ultimately predicting, precipitation variability across timescales is a global challenge and the results and methodology generated in this project for North America and sub-regions can be applied to other locations. A comprehensive educational plan is integrated with the project to build an educated, informed, and diverse workforce, including decision-makers, capable of using, interpreting, and understanding climate science. Building student’s atmospheric science identity will lead to a multitude of broader impacts through workforce development and the educational materials developed. This project will create video materials concerning precipitation variability to build climate literacy as well as creating and implementing scientist spotlights to build science identity. The hands-on Precip-a-Thon, utilizing video materials and precipitation data, for prospective meteorology students visiting the University of Oklahoma will begin building science identity and introduce them to research early. The synergy among components, including engaging students in research and using research in education and recruiting materials, will amplify their effects and quicken the pace of scientific discovery while enhancing STEM education and climate literacy in Oklahoma and beyond.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

降水量可以在几分钟到几个世纪的时间尺度上变化，并可能对水资源、管理和自然生态系统以及公共卫生等各个部门产生重大影响。在地球仪的大部分地区，降水量的变化越来越大，预计这种变化在未来还会增加，可能会产生巨大的社会影响。该项目将推进物理理解和预测降水变化的能力，同时培养学生将自己视为劳动力中的科学家的能力（又名：科学身份），并为多元化，公平和包容的STEM社区做出贡献。这项调查超越了传统的单个时间尺度，以了解不同时间尺度的降水如何以及为什么相互作用。特别关注的是了解降水的季节性周期如何变化（即，全年降水的时间和数量）以及如何以及为什么会发生干湿条件之间的快速转变。如果不彻底了解控制变率的过程和机制，就无法改善降水变化的预测。该项目将通过分析观测和历史预报以及进行气候模型实验来完成，以解开和阐明不同时间尺度上降水的相互作用。这项研究将与一个教育项目相结合，该项目利用降水变化研究，通过视频、科学家聚光灯和一个小通村来建立学生的大气科学身份。该项目将解决极端天气和气候、水资源可持续性和知情决策等重大挑战的基础科学问题。科学将通过量化变化和诊断机制和降水的年度周期，快速干湿转变和相关的极端事件在北美的可预测性。通过这些科学进步，我们预测有影响力的降水波动的能力将得到提高。了解并最终预测跨时间尺度的降水变化是一项全球性挑战，该项目为北美和次区域产生的结果和方法可应用于其他地点。一个全面的教育计划与该项目相结合，以建立一个受过教育的，知情的，多样化的劳动力，包括决策者，能够使用，解释和理解气候科学。建立学生的大气科学身份将通过劳动力发展和开发的教育材料产生广泛的影响。该项目将制作有关降水变化的视频材料，以建立气候素养，并创建和实施科学家聚光灯，以建立科学身份。亲自动手的“一个通村”，利用视频材料和降水数据，为未来的气象学学生访问俄克拉荷马州大学将开始建设科学身份，并介绍他们的研究早。各组成部分之间的协同作用，包括让学生参与研究，并在教育和招聘材料中使用研究，将放大其影响，加快科学发现的步伐，同时加强俄克拉荷马州及其他地区的STEM教育和气候素养。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。