CAREER: The influence of turbulence to mass transport in complex aquatic habitats

职业：湍流对复杂水生栖息地中质量运输的影响

• 批准号: 1944880
• 负责人: Kelly Kibler
• 金额: $ 51.15万
• 依托单位: The University of Central Florida Board of Trustees
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1944880&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; influence; turbulence; mass; transport

Economic and ecosystem resilience are closely connected in coastal regions, where development as well as hydrologic hazards (storm surge, flooding, erosion) are intensifying. Ecosystem-based protections near waterbodies, such as living shorelines, oyster reef and mangrove forest, are increasingly sought to enhance resilience to these climatic hazards; however, restoration projects and ecosystem-based defenses often fail because current understanding of erosion and sediment transport is based on simplified models of non-vegetated channels. This research will develop new scientific knowledge to illuminate effects of three-dimensional canopies (oyster reefs, seagrass beds, mangroves) on turbulent flow, movement of sediments, and sequestration of Blue Carbon (peat deposits). Using both laboratory flume and field experiments, the PI will test novel sediment transport theory within these complex natural habitats. Societal benefits of better understanding of erosional processes at vegetated river banks and shorelines are vast and transferable to aquatic systems around the world, allowing managers of vulnerable areas to plan impactful restoration projects and management strategies to mitigate effects of flooding, bank erosion, or sea level rise. The project will engage diverse students in an experiential ‘boots in-the-mud’ study of aquatic systems by integrating research and field-based learning with classroom instruction at a variety of educational levels, including middle/high school, undergraduate, and graduate students, and professionals. A Living Ecohydraulics Laboratory on an island in the field study area is where the next generation of student scientists will be trained at the intersection of ecology and engineering. This research will develop and test cutting-edge sediment transport theory, elucidating the roles of shear stress and turbulence on mass transport within diverse, complex aquatic habitats. In the field, the PI will test the hydrodynamic and sediment transport effects of 1) submerged, rigid canopies of oyster, 2) submerged, flexible canopies of seagrasses, and 3) emergent canopies of mangrove. Mass transport within these functionally diverse canopy types will be related to turbulence through field-coupled laboratory experimentation. Better understanding of shear stress-turbulence relationships for sediment transport across varied canopy types and flow regimes will fundamentally change the way that sediment transport is modeled in complex canopies and will significantly advance predictive ability regarding erosional and depositional processes in natural waterbodies. Newly-developed sediment transport understanding will be linked to its applications in ecosystem restoration and design of nature-based infrastructure to promote greater resilience to climatic hazards. Educational activities include establishment of an island Living Ecohydraulics Laboratory to engage over 1400 learners and immerse 250 students into aquatic research sites over the life of the project. The integrated research-educational field experiences are targeted at influential academic stages, including middle-high school science research programs and summer camps, to attract and retain students who may have otherwise not chosen STEM careers. Display of middle and high school research projects in high-traffic community spaces will effectively engage community members in the research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

经济和生态系统的弹性在沿海地区密切相关，那里的发展以及水文危害（风暴潮，洪水，侵蚀）正在加剧。靠近生态系统的保护措施，例如生物海岸线，牡蛎礁和红树林，越来越受到伤害，以增强对这些气候危害的韧性；但是，恢复项目和基于生态系统的防御往往会失败，因为当前对侵蚀和沉积物运输的理解是基于非植被渠道的简化模型。这项研究将开发新的科学知识，以阐明三维顶篷（牡蛎礁，海草床，红树林）对湍流，沉积物运动和蓝色碳（peat矿床）的影响。使用实验室水槽和现场实验，PI将在这些复杂的自然栖息地中测试新型沉积物传输理论。更好地了解植被河岸和海岸线的侵蚀过程的社会利益是广泛的，并转移到了世界各地的水生系统上，使弱势地区的管理者能够计划有影响力的修复项目和管理策略，以减轻洪水，银行侵蚀或海平面上升的影响。该项目将通过将研究和基于现场的学习与各种教育水平的课堂教学相结合，包括中/高中，本科生，研究生，研究生和专业人士，使潜水员的学生对水生系统进行专业的“靴子”研究。在野外研究区域的一个岛上，一个活生生的生态水合实验室是下一代学生科学家将在生态与工程交集进行培训。这项研究将发展和测试尖端的沉积物传输理论，阐明剪切应力和湍流对潜水员复杂的水生栖息地内大规模运输的作用。在现场，PI将测试1）牡蛎淹没的僵硬的檐篷的流体动力和沉积物传输作用，2）淹没，柔性的海草檐篷，3）红树林的新兴檐篷。这些功能多样的冠层类型中的大众传输将通过现场耦合实验室实验与湍流有关。更好地理解跨不同冠层类型和流动状态的沉积物传输的剪切应力扰动关系从根本上改变了在复杂的檐篷中建模的沉积物传输的方式，并且将显着提高天然水体中侵蚀和沉积过程的预测能力。新发达的沉积物传输理解将与其在基于自然基础设施的生态系统恢复和设计中的应用有关，以促进对杂交危害的更大弹性。教育活动包括建立一个岛屿生活的生态水合物实验室，以吸引1400多名学习者，并在该项目的生活中浸入250名学生进入水生研究地点。综合研究教育的现场经历针对的是有影响力的学术阶段，包括中高中科学研究计划和夏令营，以吸引和留住可能没有选择STEM职业的学生。在高流量社区空间中展示中学和高中研究项目将有效地吸引社区成员参与研究。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并且使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准，被视为通过评估来获得珍贵的支持。

项目成果

Hydrodynamic and biogeochemical evolution of a restored intertidal oyster (Crassostrea virginica) reef

恢复的潮间带牡蛎（Crassostrea virginica）礁的水动力和生物地球化学演化

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154879
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Science of The Total Environment
• 影响因子: 9.8
• 作者: Cannon, David;Kibler, Kelly;Walters, Linda;Chambers, Lisa
• 通讯作者: Chambers, Lisa

Benthic Flow and Mixing in a Shallow Shoal Grass (Halodule wrightii) Fringe

• DOI: 10.3390/geosciences11030115
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 作者: D. Cannon;K. Kibler;V. Kitsikoudis

Variation of mean flow and turbulence characteristics within canopies of restored intertidal oyster reefs as a function of restoration age

恢复潮间带牡蛎礁冠层内平均流量和湍流特征随恢复年龄的变化

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2022.106678
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Ecological Engineering
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Cannon, David;Kibler, Kelly M.;Kitsikoudis, Vasileios;Medeiros, Stephen C.;Walters, Linda J.
• 通讯作者: Walters, Linda J.

Hydrodynamic Limitations to Mangrove Seedling Retention in Subtropical Estuaries

亚热带河口红树林幼苗保留的水动力限制

• DOI: 10.3390/su14148605
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Sustainability
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Kibler, Kelly M.;Pilato, Christian;Walters, Linda J.;Donnelly, Melinda;Taye, Jyotismita
• 通讯作者: Taye, Jyotismita

Mean flow and turbulence observations on reference and restored oyster reefs in Mosquito Lagoon - Florida from 2018-06-01 to 2018-11-15 (NCEI Accession 0225430)

2018年6月1日至2018年11月15日对佛罗里达州蚊礁湖参考和恢复的牡蛎礁的平均流量和湍流观测（NCEI登记号0225430）

• DOI: 10.25921/f389-7q16
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
• 作者: Cannon, David;Kibler, Kelly;Kitsikoudis, Vasileios;Medeiros, Stephen;Walters, Linda;Spiering, David;Nogueira, Barbara
• 通讯作者: Nogueira, Barbara