CAREER: The influence of turbulence to mass transport in complex aquatic habitats

职业：湍流对复杂水生栖息地中质量运输的影响

• 批准号: 1944880
• 负责人: Kelly Kibler
• 金额: $ 51.15万
• 依托单位: The University of Central Florida Board of Trustees
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1944880&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; influence; turbulence; mass; transport

Economic and ecosystem resilience are closely connected in coastal regions, where development as well as hydrologic hazards (storm surge, flooding, erosion) are intensifying. Ecosystem-based protections near waterbodies, such as living shorelines, oyster reef and mangrove forest, are increasingly sought to enhance resilience to these climatic hazards; however, restoration projects and ecosystem-based defenses often fail because current understanding of erosion and sediment transport is based on simplified models of non-vegetated channels. This research will develop new scientific knowledge to illuminate effects of three-dimensional canopies (oyster reefs, seagrass beds, mangroves) on turbulent flow, movement of sediments, and sequestration of Blue Carbon (peat deposits). Using both laboratory flume and field experiments, the PI will test novel sediment transport theory within these complex natural habitats. Societal benefits of better understanding of erosional processes at vegetated river banks and shorelines are vast and transferable to aquatic systems around the world, allowing managers of vulnerable areas to plan impactful restoration projects and management strategies to mitigate effects of flooding, bank erosion, or sea level rise. The project will engage diverse students in an experiential ‘boots in-the-mud’ study of aquatic systems by integrating research and field-based learning with classroom instruction at a variety of educational levels, including middle/high school, undergraduate, and graduate students, and professionals. A Living Ecohydraulics Laboratory on an island in the field study area is where the next generation of student scientists will be trained at the intersection of ecology and engineering. This research will develop and test cutting-edge sediment transport theory, elucidating the roles of shear stress and turbulence on mass transport within diverse, complex aquatic habitats. In the field, the PI will test the hydrodynamic and sediment transport effects of 1) submerged, rigid canopies of oyster, 2) submerged, flexible canopies of seagrasses, and 3) emergent canopies of mangrove. Mass transport within these functionally diverse canopy types will be related to turbulence through field-coupled laboratory experimentation. Better understanding of shear stress-turbulence relationships for sediment transport across varied canopy types and flow regimes will fundamentally change the way that sediment transport is modeled in complex canopies and will significantly advance predictive ability regarding erosional and depositional processes in natural waterbodies. Newly-developed sediment transport understanding will be linked to its applications in ecosystem restoration and design of nature-based infrastructure to promote greater resilience to climatic hazards. Educational activities include establishment of an island Living Ecohydraulics Laboratory to engage over 1400 learners and immerse 250 students into aquatic research sites over the life of the project. The integrated research-educational field experiences are targeted at influential academic stages, including middle-high school science research programs and summer camps, to attract and retain students who may have otherwise not chosen STEM careers. Display of middle and high school research projects in high-traffic community spaces will effectively engage community members in the research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

沿海地区的经济和生态系统复原力密切相关，那里的发展和水文灾害（风暴潮、洪水、侵蚀）正在加剧。人们越来越多地寻求在生物海岸线、牡蛎礁和红树林等水体附近进行基于生态系统的保护，以增强对这些气候灾害的抵御能力；然而，恢复项目和基于生态系统的防御往往会失败，因为目前对侵蚀和沉积物迁移的理解是基于无植被河道的简化模型。这项研究将开发新的科学知识，以阐明三维冠层（牡蛎礁、海草床、红树林）对湍流、沉积物运动和蓝碳（泥炭沉积物）封存的影响。项目负责人将利用实验室水槽和现场实验，在这些复杂的自然栖息地中测试新颖的沉积物输送理论。更好地了解植被河岸和海岸线的侵蚀过程所带来的社会效益是巨大的，并且可以转移到世界各地的水生系统，使脆弱地区的管理者能够规划有效的恢复项目和管理策略，以减轻洪水、河岸侵蚀或海平面上升的影响。该项目将通过将研究和实地学习与各种教育水平的课堂教学相结合，让不同的学生参与水生系统的体验式“靴子在泥里”研究，包括初中/高中、本科生、研究生和专业人士。现场研究区的一座岛上设有一个生态水力学实验室，下一代学生科学家将在这里接受生态学和工程学交叉领域的培训。这项研究将开发和测试尖端的沉积物输送理论，阐明剪切应力和湍流对多样化、复杂的水生生境中物质输送的作用。在现场，PI 将测试 1) 水下刚性牡蛎冠层、2) 水下柔性海草冠层和 3) 红树林挺水冠层的水动力和沉积物输送效应。这些功能多样的冠层类型内的质量传输将通过场耦合实验室实验与湍流相关。更好地了解不同冠层类型和流态的沉积物输送的剪切应力-湍流关系将从根本上改变复杂冠层中沉积物输送的建模方式，并将显着提高对自然水体中侵蚀和沉积过程的预测能力。 新开发的沉积物迁移理解将与其在生态系统恢复和基于自然的基础设施设计中的应用联系起来，以提高对气候灾害的抵御能力。教育活动包括建立一个岛屿生活生态水力学实验室，吸引 1400 多名学习者参与，并在项目的整个生命周期内让 250 名学生沉浸在水生研究场所中。综合研究教育现场经验针对有影响力的学术阶段，包括初高中科学研究项目和夏令营，以吸引和留住那些可能不会选择 STEM 职业的学生。在高流量社区空间展示初中和高中研究项目将有效地吸引社区成员参与研究。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Benthic Flow and Mixing in a Shallow Shoal Grass (Halodule wrightii) Fringe

• DOI: 10.3390/geosciences11030115
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 作者: D. Cannon;K. Kibler;V. Kitsikoudis

Variation of mean flow and turbulence characteristics within canopies of restored intertidal oyster reefs as a function of restoration age

恢复潮间带牡蛎礁冠层内平均流量和湍流特征随恢复年龄的变化

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2022.106678
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Ecological Engineering
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Cannon, David;Kibler, Kelly M.;Kitsikoudis, Vasileios;Medeiros, Stephen C.;Walters, Linda J.
• 通讯作者: Walters, Linda J.

Hydrodynamic Limitations to Mangrove Seedling Retention in Subtropical Estuaries

亚热带河口红树林幼苗保留的水动力限制

• DOI: 10.3390/su14148605
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Sustainability
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Kibler, Kelly M.;Pilato, Christian;Walters, Linda J.;Donnelly, Melinda;Taye, Jyotismita
• 通讯作者: Taye, Jyotismita

Mean flow and turbulence observations on reference and restored oyster reefs in Mosquito Lagoon - Florida from 2018-06-01 to 2018-11-15 (NCEI Accession 0225430)

2018年6月1日至2018年11月15日对佛罗里达州蚊礁湖参考和恢复的牡蛎礁的平均流量和湍流观测（NCEI登记号0225430）

• DOI: 10.25921/f389-7q16
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
• 作者: Cannon, David;Kibler, Kelly;Kitsikoudis, Vasileios;Medeiros, Stephen;Walters, Linda;Spiering, David;Nogueira, Barbara
• 通讯作者: Nogueira, Barbara

Characterizing canopy complexity of natural and restored intertidal oyster reefs (Crassostrea virginica) with a novel laser‐scanning method

• DOI: 10.1111/rec.13973
• 发表时间: 2023-07
• 期刊: Restoration Ecology
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: D. Cannon;K. Kibler;J. Taye;S. Medeiros