CAREER: Understanding the Effects of Bedrock Fractures and Weathering on Shallow and Deep-seated Landslides

职业：了解基岩断裂和风化对浅层和深层滑坡的影响

• 批准号: 1945431
• 负责人: Seulgi Moon
• 金额: $ 53.77万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-15 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1945431&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Understanding; Effects; Bedrock; Fractures

Landslides are one of the most significant geologic hazards that currently threaten human society and infrastructure. As landslide hazards increase as a result of urban expansion, climate variability, and disturbances of land cover, understanding the mechanisms and controls of landslides will be critical for the prediction and assessment of future hazards. Although mechanistic models are somewhat successful in predicting landslide susceptibility, scientific experts still do not know what controls the exact location, size, depth, and, in some cases, the timing of landslides. Moreover, the role of underlying weathered bedrock on subsurface hydrology and landslide occurrence is not well understood. To date, the influence of bedrock fracture patterns and weathering extent on landslide patterns is not adequately quantified. This project aims to improve predictions of landslide occurrence and characteristics by incorporating a fundamental and quantitative understanding of bedrock influences on landslides. Results of the research will be disseminated through teaching, community service, and public outreach. The project will contribute to enhancing academic diversity by encouraging the participation of underrepresented minority students and supporting the early-career development of a female faculty member, a graduate student, and a postdoc. The investigators will integrate research and teaching efforts through the incorporation of landslide studies in undergraduate courses. They will develop an innovative teaching-outreach module for UCLA’s physical sciences division that will strengthen undergraduates’ learning and engage K-12 students through topics in “landslide science.” To assess the role of bedrock properties in the occurrences and characteristics of landslides, a robust model of slope stability is required that incorporates the structural and hydromechanical properties of the critical zone, that is the heterogeneous, near surface environment in which complex interactions involving rock, soil, water, air, and living organisms regulate the natural habitat and determine the availability of life-sustaining resources. The investigators plan to incorporate 1) the effects of bedrock fracture patterns and weathering in the critical zone and 2) the transient response of subsurface hydrology on the propensity of shallow and deep-seated landslides. They will synthesize existing datasets of landslides, bedrock, soil, weathering, and fracture patterns, as well as hydrologic properties and signatures within catchments in California and Oregon. These datasets, augmented by their fieldwork, will enable them to develop an integrated approach that resolves the influence of the bedrock weathering and fractures on subsurface hydrology and landslide potential--both the likelihood and extent. This integrated modeling of critical zone structure, subsurface hydrology, and slope failure will allow them to evaluate the effects of 3D topography and subsurface structure on slope stability for shallow and deep-seated landslides.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

滑坡是目前威胁人类社会和基础设施的最重要的地质灾害之一。由于城市扩张、气候变化和土地覆盖扰动导致滑坡灾害增加，了解滑坡的机制和控制对于预测和评估未来灾害至关重要。虽然机械模型在预测滑坡易感性方面取得了一定的成功，但科学专家仍然不知道是什么控制着滑坡的确切位置、大小、深度，在某些情况下，还不知道滑坡发生的时间。此外，对地下水文和滑坡发生的作用下伏风化基岩没有很好的理解。到目前为止，基岩断裂模式和风化程度对滑坡模式的影响还没有得到充分的量化。该项目旨在通过对基岩对滑坡影响的基本和定量了解，改善滑坡发生和特征的预测。研究结果将通过教学、社区服务和公共宣传传播。该项目将通过鼓励代表性不足的少数民族学生的参与和支持一名女教师、一名研究生和一名博士后的早期职业发展，促进学术多样性。调查人员将通过在本科课程中纳入滑坡研究来整合研究和教学工作。他们将为加州大学洛杉矶分校的物理科学部门开发一个创新的教学推广模块，该模块将加强本科生的学习，并通过“滑坡科学”主题吸引K-12学生。为了评估基岩性质在滑坡发生和特征中的作用，需要一个稳健的边坡稳定性模型，该模型应结合关键区的结构和水力力学性质，关键区是异质的近地表环境，其中涉及岩石、土壤、水、空气和生物体的复杂相互作用调节自然栖息地，并确定维持生命资源的可用性。调查人员计划纳入1）基岩断裂模式和风化在关键区的影响，2）地下水文对浅层和深层滑坡倾向的瞬态响应。他们将综合现有的滑坡、基岩、土壤、风化和断裂模式的数据集，以及加州和俄勒冈州流域内的水文特性和特征。这些数据集，通过他们的实地考察，将使他们能够开发一种综合方法，解决基岩风化和断裂对地下水文和滑坡潜力的影响-可能性和程度。这种关键区域结构、地下水文和边坡破坏的综合建模将使他们能够评估三维地形和地下结构对浅层和深层滑坡边坡稳定性的影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Topographic stress control on bedrock landslide size

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-021-00739-8
• 发表时间: 2021-04
• 期刊: Nature Geoscience
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Gen K. Li;S. Moon

Residence Time of Over‐Steepened Rock Masses in an Active Mountain Range

• DOI: 10.1029/2021gl097319
• 发表时间: 2022-04
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Gen K. Li;S. Moon;Justin T. Higa

Seismic Imaging of a Shale Landscape Under Compression Shows Limited Influence of Topography‐Induced Fracturing

受压页岩景观的地震成像显示地形影响有限 - 诱发压裂

• DOI: 10.1029/2021gl093372
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Ma, Lisa;Oakley, David;Nyblade, Andrew;Moon, Seulgi;Accardo, Natalie;Wang, Wei;Gu, Xin;Brubaker, Kristen;Mount, Gregory J.;Forsythe, Brandon
• 通讯作者: Forsythe, Brandon

Landslide susceptibility modeling by interpretable neural network

• DOI: 10.1038/s43247-023-00806-5
• 发表时间: 2022-01
• 期刊: Communications Earth & Environment
• 作者: Khaled Youssef;K. Shao;S. Moon;Louis-S. Bouchard

Quantifying Depth‐Dependent Seismic Anisotropy in the Critical Zone Enhanced by Weathering of a Piedmont Schist

量化深度——山前片岩风化增强的关键区域的相关地震各向异性

• DOI: 10.1029/2021jf006289
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface
• 作者: Eppinger, B. J.;Hayes, J. L.;Carr, B. J.;Moon, S.;Cosans, C. L.;Holbrook, W. S.;Harman, C. J.;Plante, Z. T.
• 通讯作者: Plante, Z. T.