Social & Moral Factors in Post-Hurricane Evacuation Decisions: Implications for well-being

环境预测显示，本已脆弱的地区将受到自然灾害不成比例的影响。在自然灾害发生后留下或离开的决定会对个人和群体的恢复和复原力产生重大的长期影响。本项目考察了物质、社会和意识形态因素之间的相互作用，从而有助于开发多层次的疏散决策模型。飓风过后，物质因素，包括房屋的物理条件和工作机会，促使人们考虑撤离。但是，如果是与家人和朋友分离（或与家人和朋友团聚），物质因素本身不能预测撤离决定。除了社会和物质因素，研究人员还将考虑信仰和价值观层面的动态，以及人们在选择离开或留下时所权衡的道德考虑。在什么情况下，道德信念会压倒那些仍在从灾难中恢复的人们对社会和物质的关注？了解祖国与海外侨民的联系在人们决定留下或离开时所起的作用，可以为管理海外侨民对复原力和发展的贡献的政策提供信息。为了实现这些目标，该项目将在科学数据收集和分析方法方面培训代表性不足的研究生研究助理。本研究考察了飓风玛丽亚过后影响疏散决策的因素。在考虑通常影响人们撤离决定的经济和健康因素的同时，调查人员还研究了在灾难撤离研究中受到较少关注的因素：社会和道德层面。具体来说，他们将关注社会关系和道德话语的作用。最终，该项目试图了解这些因素是如何影响心理健康的，以及他们是留在还是离开了这个岛。理解这些影响灾害适应系统的因素至关重要。此外，关于移徙趋势的数据显示，在玛丽亚飓风之后，重新安置的人数明显增加。通过揭示撤离者考虑的一系列复杂因素，这项研究可以为旨在解决经济脆弱环境中人口减少问题的政策提供信息。此外，这项研究将揭示物质以外的因素，导致心理健康危机。为此，调查人员将采用个人和小组访谈、媒体分析和调查来：(1)研究社会关系如何影响疏散决策，以及社会关系如何与其他因素（如人们对国家或社区的责任感）相互作用；(2)调查在各种媒体中传播的道德话语和对研究参与者的访谈，以更好地了解它们如何影响疏散决策；(3)评估物质、社会和思想因素如何与疏散决策相互作用，从而影响心理健康。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Environmental forecasts show that already vulnerable places will be disproportionately impacted by natural disasters. The decision to stay or leave in the aftermath of a natural disaster can have significant long-term impacts on individual and group recovery and resilience. This project examines the interactions among the material, social, and ideological factors, thereby contributing to the development of multi-level models of evacuation decision-making. In the wake of a hurricane, material factors, including the physical conditions of homes and access to jobs, push people to consider evacuation. But if separation from (or reunion with) family and friends is in play, material factors alone cannot predict an evacuation decision. Beyond the social and material, the researchers will also consider dynamics at the level of beliefs and values, the moral considerations that people weigh in choosing to leave or stay. Under what circumstances might moral convictions trump the social and material concerns of people still recovering from a disaster? Understanding the role of homeland-diasporic connection in people's decisions to stay or leave can inform policies that manage diasporic contributions to resilience and development. In pursuing these aims, the project will train under-represented graduate research assistants in methods of scientific data collection and analysis.This study examines factors that shaped evacuation decisions after Hurricane Maria. While considering economic and health factors, which typically shape people's evacuation decisions, the investigators examine factors that have received less attention in disaster evacuation studies: social and moral dimensions. Specifically, they will focus on the role of social ties and moral discourses. Ultimately, the project seeks to understand how these factors influence mental health, and whether they stayed or left he island. It is crucial to understand such factors as they shape disaster adaption systems. Further, data on migration trends showed marked increases in relocation following Hurricane Maria. By shedding light on the complex set of factors evacuees consider, this research can inform policies that aim to address depopulation in already economically vulnerable contexts. In addition, this research will shed light on factors, beyond material ones, that are contributing to mental health crises. To do this, the investigators will employ individual and group interviews, media analysis, and a survey to: (1) study how social ties influence evacuation decisions and how social ties interact with other factors, such as people's sense of duty to nation or community; (2) investigate the moral discourses that circulate in various media and interviews with research participants to better understand how they influence evacuation decisions; and (3) assess how material, social, and ideological factors interact with evacuation decisions to affect mental health.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.