Dynamic and thermodynamic mechanisms of desert amplification in a warming climate

气候变暖下沙漠放大的动力和热力学机制

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1952745
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 69.61万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Since 1979, the largest increase in the observed air temperature over land has occurred over the deserts which cover a third of the Earth’s surface. As the world’s largest and driest deserts, the combined Sahara Desert-Arabian Peninsula (SDAP) region has experienced the greatest and most persistent warming with the increased heating due to the elevated greenhouse gas concentrations. Known as desert amplification (DA), this accelerated warming can alter regional and large-scale climate over SDAP and surrounding regions, impacting the African rainforests, water availability, biodiversity, agriculture, and human health. To the north of SDAP, these changes may lead to the retraction of the Mediterranean ecosystem and increased desertification. To the south, they may influence the rainfall patterns associated with the West African Monsoon in Sub-Saharan countries. The Sahelian rainfall and weather could also be modified, thereby directly affecting the United States in the form of hurricanes and dust clouds. Hence, uncovering the nature and cause of DA is essential for understanding large-scale atmospheric processes and the impacts of climate change. However, the major processes and mechanisms of DA are still largely unknown.This project aims to study the thermodynamic and dynamic causes of DA in the 20th and 21st century. The overarching hypothesis is that DA is a near-universal feature of climate change primarily due to steeper temperature lapse rates over drier surfaces and the large-scale atmospheric coupling of wet and dry regions. The investigators will explore the mechanisms and feedbacks of DA by combining observational analyses with climate modeling. They will analyze various observational data sets to quantify first-order factors controlling DA. They will employ models of varying complexity including a single column radiative-convective model, a regional climate model, and comprehensive global climate models. Such hierarchical modeling approach is essential for tackling this complex problem, isolating key interactions, and achieving a deeper insight on causal mechanisms of climate change. Understanding DA will be of great interest to the public, policy makers, governments and scientists across various disciplines. This project will provide training for graduate students in research at the interface of remote sensing, data analysis, numerical modeling, and climate theory. It will also contribute to the further development and documentation of the open-source CLIMLAB software, already in use by researchers and instructors worldwide.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
自1979年以来,在陆地上观测到的气温上升幅度最大的是占地球表面三分之一的沙漠。作为世界上最大和最干燥的沙漠,撒哈拉沙漠-阿拉伯半岛(SDAP)地区经历了最大和最持久的变暖,由于温室气体浓度升高而增加了加热。这种被称为沙漠放大(DA)的加速变暖可能会改变SDAP及其周边地区的区域和大规模气候,影响非洲雨林,水资源可用性,生物多样性,农业和人类健康。在SDAP以北,这些变化可能导致地中海生态系统的退缩和荒漠化的加剧。在南部,它们可能会影响撒哈拉以南国家与西非季风有关的降雨模式。萨赫勒地区的降雨和天气也可能发生变化,从而以飓风和沙尘云的形式直接影响美国。因此,揭示DA的性质和原因对于理解大尺度大气过程和气候变化的影响至关重要。然而,DA的主要过程和机制在很大程度上仍然是未知的,本项目旨在研究世纪DA的热力学和动力学原因。总体假设是,DA是气候变化的一个几乎普遍的特征,主要是由于干燥表面的温度直减率更陡,以及潮湿和干燥地区的大规模大气耦合。研究人员将通过将观测分析与气候建模相结合来探索DA的机制和反馈。他们将分析各种观测数据集,以量化控制DA的一阶因素。他们将采用不同复杂性的模型,包括单柱辐射对流模型,区域气候模型和综合全球气候模型。这种分层建模方法对于解决这一复杂问题、隔离关键相互作用以及更深入地了解气候变化的因果机制至关重要。了解DA将对公众,政策制定者,政府和各个学科的科学家产生极大的兴趣。该项目将为研究生提供遥感、数据分析、数值模拟和气候理论研究方面的培训。它还将为开源CLIMLAB软件的进一步开发和文档编制做出贡献,该软件已被全球研究人员和教师使用。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值进行评估而被认为值得支持。和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(4)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Rising Planetary Boundary Layer Height over the Sahara Desert and Arabian Peninsula in a Warming Climate
  • DOI:
    10.1175/jcli-d-20-0645.1
  • 发表时间:
    2021-02
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4.9
  • 作者:
    Liming Zhou;Yuhong Tian;Nan Wei;S. Ho;Jing Li
  • 通讯作者:
    Liming Zhou;Yuhong Tian;Nan Wei;S. Ho;Jing Li
Diurnal asymmetry of desert amplification and its possible connections to planetary boundary layer height: a case study for the Arabian Peninsula
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s00382-021-05634-x
  • 发表时间:
    2021-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4.6
  • 作者:
    Liming Zhou
  • 通讯作者:
    Liming Zhou
Moisture transport and water vapour budget over the Sahara Desert
Multiple Equilibria in a Coupled Climate–Carbon Model
耦合气候碳模型中的多重均衡
  • DOI:
    10.1175/jcli-d-21-0984.1
  • 发表时间:
    2023
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4.9
  • 作者:
    Zhu, Fangze;Rose, Brian E.
  • 通讯作者:
    Rose, Brian E.
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Liming Zhou其他文献

Highly selective thiocyanate electrode based on bis-bebzoin-semitriethylenetetraamine binuclear copper(II) complex as neutral carrier
基于双苯并苯偶姻-半三乙烯四胺双核铜(II)络合物作为中性载体的高选择性硫氰酸盐电极
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2003
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    R. Yuan;X. Wang;Lin Xu;Ya;Z. Y. Sun;X. Huang;Q. Li;Q. Zhao;Liming Zhou
  • 通讯作者:
    Liming Zhou
Synthesis and Photoluminescent Behavior of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Samarium Nanocomposites
多壁碳纳米管与钐纳米复合材料的合成及光致发光行为
Corrigendum to ‘‘Cloning and characterization of a novel human ubiquitin-specific protease, a homologue of murine UBP43 (Usp18)” [Genomics 65 (2000) 44–52]
“新型人类泛素特异性蛋白酶(鼠 UBP43 (Usp18) 同源物)的克隆和表征”勘误表 [Genomics 65 (2000) 44–52]
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2007
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    H. Schwer;Li;Liming Zhou;M. Little;Zheng Pan;C. Hetherington;Dong
  • 通讯作者:
    Dong
A Nanosheet Array of Cu2Se Intercalation Compound with Expanded Interlayer Space for Sodium Ion Storage
具有扩展层间空间的 Cu2Se 插层化合物纳米片阵列用于钠离子存储
  • DOI:
    10.1002/aenm.202000666
  • 发表时间:
    2020-04
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Yuanhua Xiao;Xiaobing Zhao;Xuezhao Wang;Dangcheng Su;Shuo Bai;Wei Chen;Shaoming Fang;Liming Zhou;Hui-Ming Cheng;Feng Li
  • 通讯作者:
    Feng Li
Hepatocytes Contribute to Soluble CD14 Production, and CD14 Expression Is Differentially Regulated in Hepatocytes and Monocytes*
肝细胞有助于产生可溶性 CD14,并且肝细胞和单核细胞中的 CD14 表达受到不同调节*

Liming Zhou的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Liming Zhou', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: Linking the Long-Term Congo Drought to Changes in Walker-Type Circulations Affecting Equatorial Africa
合作研究:将刚果长期干旱与影响赤道非洲的沃克型环流的变化联系起来
  • 批准号:
    1854486
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 69.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Understanding Congo Rainfall Variability and Trends
合作研究:了解刚果降雨变化和趋势
  • 批准号:
    1535426
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 69.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
INSPIRE: Understanding Spatiotemporal Extent and Structure of Large Wind Farm Footprint on Weather and Climate by Combining Observational Analysis with Numerical Modeling
INSPIRE:通过观测分析与数值建模相结合,了解大型风电场足迹对天气和气候的时空范围和结构
  • 批准号:
    1247137
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 69.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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  • 批准号:
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CAREER: Thermodynamic and Structural Mechanisms in Protein Fold Adaptation and Thermostability
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Thermodynamic and Molecular Mechanisms of Protein Stabilization by Polymers During Freezing, Drying, and Rehydration: EPR and FTIR Studies
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