Digitization TCN: Collaborative Research: Mobilizing Millions of Marine Mollusks of the Eastern Seaboard

数字化 TCN：合作研究：动员东海岸数百万海洋软体动物

• 批准号: 2001536
• 负责人: Gonzalo Giribet
• 金额: $ 16.02万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-15 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2001536&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Digitization; TCN; Collaborative; Research; Mobilizing

The Eastern Seaboard of the United States (ESB, U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone) stretches from the Canadian border on the Atlantic along nearly 6,000 km of eastern coastline, around the Floridian Peninsula, and along the Gulf of Mexico to the south end of the Texan coast, including 18 U.S. states. The ESB region is densely populated, with 47% of the U.S. population expected to inhabit the counties adjacent to the shoreline by 2021. Habitat loss, pollution, overfishing, and climate change threaten commercially and ecologically important marine species all along the ESB. This project will make occurrence data with map coordinates available for over 3,000 species of mollusks that find their habitat along the ESB, including mussels, clams, conchs, snails, and squid. Data from these ecologically and commercially important species (over 4.5 million individual specimens) will be made available through public online data portals. While the geographic ranges for many species of mollusks are well-known, the extent of their distribution within the seafloor habitats they occupy is unknown. Adding map coordinates to occurrence records for live-collected mollusks in natural history collections will provide detailed knowledge of distributions. Because natural history collections have specimens collected from the mid-1800s to present, these occurrence records can help track distributional changes over time and lead to better fisheries and conservation management. One hundred million mollusk specimens have been documented in natural history collections across North America, and the breadth, depth, and growth of these collections is exceptionally well-known compared to other invertebrate taxa. Mollusks are among the best sampled group of animals, with some species having over 2,000 digital records available in natural history collections making them extremely well-suited for environmental and biogeographical studies that track faunal change over time and space. However, already-digitized mollusk lots are missing essential data such as collecting date (30% of records) and reliable georeferences (85% of records). This project will generate reliable geo-coordinate data for all covered specimen lots using a collaborative georeferencing project in GeoLocate. GeoLocate will add layers for bathymetric data, benthic habitat, and marine conservation areas. Incorporating bathymetry into GeoLocate to determine the extent of locations will also provide that capability for complex elevational data for terrestrial species. Important trait data will also be incorporated. For the first time, molluscan occurrence data will distinguish between live- and dead-collected specimens, with a defined vocabulary for traits added to each record. Due to the long persistence of molluscan shells, the live/dead- collected distinction is crucial for all studies of biotic change using mollusks. Information on collecting dates will be refined where possible to increase resolution for detecting biotic changes. The data will be shared through public data repositories, including iDigBio, GBIF, OBIS, and the InvertEBase Symbiota portal.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

美国东海岸（ESB，U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone）从大西洋上的加拿大边境开始，沿着近6,000公里的东部海岸线，围绕佛罗里达半岛，沿着墨西哥湾一直延伸到德克萨斯海岸的南端，包括美国的18个州。ESB地区人口稠密，预计到2021年，47%的美国人口将居住在海岸线附近的县。栖息地的丧失、污染、过度捕捞和气候变化威胁着沿着ESB的商业和生态上重要的海洋物种。该项目将为沿着ESB找到栖息地的3，000多种软体动物提供带有地图坐标的发生数据，包括贻贝，蛤蜊，海螺，蜗牛和鱿鱼。这些具有生态和商业重要性的物种（超过450万个个体标本）的数据将通过公共在线数据门户网站提供。虽然许多软体动物物种的地理分布范围是众所周知的，但它们在海底生境中的分布范围却不得而知。添加地图坐标的发生记录活收集的软体动物在自然历史收藏将提供详细的分布知识。由于自然历史收藏有从19世纪中期到现在收集的标本，这些发生记录可以帮助跟踪随时间的分布变化，并导致更好的渔业和保护管理。 在北美的自然历史收藏中记录了一亿个软体动物标本，与其他无脊椎动物类群相比，这些收藏的广度，深度和增长是非常有名的。软体动物是最好的动物样本组之一，有些物种在自然历史收藏中有超过2,000个数字记录，使它们非常适合环境和地理研究，跟踪动物群随时间和空间的变化。然而，已经数字化的软体动物批次缺少必要的数据，如收集日期（30%的记录）和可靠的地理参考（85%的记录）。该项目将使用GeoLocate中的协作地理参考项目为所有覆盖的样本批次生成可靠的地理坐标数据。 GeoLocate将为测深数据、海底生境和海洋保护区添加图层。将水深测量纳入GeoLocate以确定位置范围，也将提供陆地物种复杂海拔数据的能力。还将纳入重要的性状数据。这是第一次，软体动物发生数据将区分活的和死的收集标本，与一个定义的词汇特征添加到每个记录。由于软体动物壳的长期存在，活/死收集的区别是至关重要的生物变化的所有研究使用软体动物。将尽可能完善关于收集日期的信息，以提高检测生物变化的分辨率。这些数据将通过公共数据库共享，包括iDigBio，GBIF，OBIS和InvertEBase Symbiota门户网站。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。