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Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Diffusion of Democratic Norms: Examining How Democracy INGO Strategies Contribute to Hybrid Regimes

博士论文研究：民主规范的扩散：审视民主 INGO 策略如何促进混合政权

基本信息

批准号：
2001915
负责人：
Kathleen Fallon
金额：
$ 1.58万
依托单位：
SUNY at Stony Brook
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-02-15 至 2022-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2001915&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Doctoral Dissertation Research Diffusion Democratic

项目摘要

As a governmental system, democracy produces an environment where fundamental freedoms are respected and fulfilled, and promotes both peace and prosperity, as well as individual well-being. In pursuit of these ends, democracy aid is dispensed by various actors including democracy-promoting international non-governmental organizations (DINGOs). Such aid has skyrocketed, with 2008 global expenditures nearing $20 billion. Yet the success of this endeavor remains unclear because at the same time, hybrid regimes – governments that co-opt democratic institutions and policies to mask authoritarian practices – are proliferating. Moreover, aid is often ineffective, and typical aid strategies can incentivize superficial democratization while legitimizing and reinforcing nondemocratic rule. Thus, DINGOs themselves may contribute to hybrid growth. However, the role of DINGOs and their strategies regarding hybrids and democratization is underexplored. This project empirically examines how nations’ ties to DINGOs impact their level of democracy in policy and practice, as well as how various types of DINGO aid strategies improve or reduce DINGO effectiveness in promoting democracy. As such, the project assesses how democracy aid influences hybrid regimes. By identifying factors relevant for democracy promotion, this project will help various actors such as nonprofits and governments safeguard human rights and improve citizen well-being worldwide. This project combines statistical and computational methodologies to examine DINGOs’ impact on democratic policies and practices cross-nationally in five-year intervals from 1980 to 2015. It uses content analysis of the Yearbook of International Organizations to count nations’ annual DINGO ties for each selected year. It then employs random effects regression to understand how those ties impact democracy in policy and in practice cross-nationally and longitudinally, using a novel measure of democracy. It further investigates this relationship by analyzing 30 DINGOs’ annual reports using one type of automated content analysis, Latent Dirichlet Application (LDA) topic modeling, to quantify which strategies DINGOs pursue, and to what degree. Finally, it draws upon these data to analyze how DINGO impact on democracy varies by DINGO strategy cross-nationally and over time using random effects regression. This design thus makes it possible to examine and compare, for the first time, the direct effects of DINGOs on democracy in policy and in practice, and how aid strategy modifies this relationship. Findings will inform sociological theories regarding democracy promotion and comparative governmental organization.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

作为一种政府制度，民主创造了一种尊重和实现基本自由的环境，促进了和平与繁荣以及个人福祉。为实现这些目标，包括促进民主的国际非政府组织在内的各种行为者提供了民主援助。这种援助急剧增加，2008年全球支出接近200亿美元。然而，这一奋进的成功仍不明朗，因为与此同时，混合政权--政府利用民主制度和政策来掩盖独裁做法--正在激增。此外，援助往往是无效的，典型的援助战略可以激励表面的民主化，同时合法化和加强非民主统治。因此，DINEARLY本身可能有助于杂交生长。然而，对国家警察局的作用及其关于混合和民主化的战略的探讨不足。该项目实证研究了各国与DINGO的关系如何影响其政策和实践中的民主水平，以及各种类型的DINGO援助战略如何提高或降低DINGO促进民主的有效性。因此，该项目评估民主援助如何影响混合政权。通过确定与促进民主有关的因素，该项目将帮助非营利组织和政府等各种行为者维护人权，改善全世界公民的福祉。该项目结合了统计和计算方法，以1980年至2015年的五年为间隔，研究民主党对民主政策和实践的影响。它使用国际组织年鉴的内容分析来计算每个选定年份的国家年度DINGO关系。然后，它采用随机效应回归来了解这些关系如何影响民主的政策和实践中的跨国和纵向，使用一种新的民主措施。它通过使用一种类型的自动内容分析，潜在狄利克雷应用（LDA）主题建模，分析30个DINESTO的年度报告，以量化DINESTO追求的策略，以及在多大程度上，进一步研究这种关系。最后，它利用这些数据来分析DINGO对民主的影响如何通过DINGO策略在全国范围内和随着时间的推移而变化。因此，这一设计使人们有可能第一次审查和比较DINESTO在政策和实践中对民主的直接影响，以及援助战略如何改变这种关系。调查结果将告知有关民主促进和比较政府组织的社会学理论。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。