Compact Object Binaries in the Gravitational Wave Era

引力波时代的紧凑天体双星

• 批准号: 2006839
• 负责人: Rosalba Perna
• 金额: $ 45.01万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2006839&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Compact; Object; Binaries; Gravitational; Wave

Neutron stars (NS), which are extremely compact stellar remnants, and black holes (BHs), the densest objects in the universe, are fantastic astrophysical laboratories for probing fundamental aspects of the laws of physics, from quantum mechanics to general relativity. A wealth of information comes from observing them in the final moments of their lives, when they are members of a binary system that merge due to the emission of gravitational waves (GWs). If a NS is member of the binary, then this merger may also produce light, or electromagnetic emission (EM), which greatly increases the astrophysical information that can be extracted. This was shown in the many observations of the merger event GW170817/GRB170817A, the results of which impacted knowledge in a variety of research areas, from high-energy astrophysics, to nuclear physics, to cosmology. A research group at the State University of New York at Stony Brook will undertake theoretical work aimed at maximizing the research gain from future observations. The variety of topics (and techniques) that this research plan encompasses makes it ideal for the involvement of students at all levels, including undergraduates. The principal investigator (PI) is especially interested in involving female undergraduate student in this research, with the goal of empowering and giving confidence to young women in their abilities to do science, and hence encouraging them to pursue careers as scientists.This project will explore several facets of binary formation and evolution, and of the GW-EM connection, while probing issues of fundamental physics. In particular: (a) It will develop a general framework for the interpretation of the radiation from NS-NS and NS-BH sources triggered by the LIGO and Virgo GW detectors. The goal is to connect the properties of binary compact merger ejecta with the EM emission of their jet-cocoon systems, the time delay from the GW signal, and the type of compact object remnant left behind. Along with mass measurements from GWs, this information aids in constraining the equation of state of NS matter. (b) It will extend and refine the predictions of dynamical formation of compact object binaries in star clusters. Among the outcomes will be an exploration of the mass distribution of NS-BH binaries produced via this channel, and a comparison to those formed from field binaries. (c) It will couple results from the first two studies to compute the broadband EM radiation expected for the main formation channels of NS-NS and NS-BH binaries, as well as BH-BH in dense environments, extracting potentially discriminating features and aiding searches for EM counterparts to GW triggers. As part of this project, the PI plans to partner with the WISE (Women In Science and Engineering) program at Stony Brook. This will involve (a) supervision of undergraduate research projects during the academic year; (b) giving guest lectures in a course specifically designed by WISE to discuss opportunities in STEM fields; (c) being a high-school mentor in the WISE after school program. This project advances the goals of the NSF Windows on the Universe Big Idea.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

中子星（NS）是极其紧凑的恒星残骸，而黑洞（BHs）是宇宙中密度最大的物体，它们是探索物理定律基本方面的绝佳天体物理实验室，从量子力学到广义相对论。在它们生命的最后时刻，当它们是由于引力波（GWs）的发射而合并的双星系统的成员时，观察它们可以获得丰富的信息。如果一个NS是双星的成员，那么这个合并也可能产生光或电磁发射（EM），这大大增加了可以提取的天体物理信息。这在对GW170817/GRB170817A合并事件的多次观测中得到了证明，其结果影响了从高能天体物理学到核物理学再到宇宙学等各个研究领域的知识。纽约州立大学石溪分校（State University of New York at Stony Brook）的一个研究小组将开展理论工作，旨在从未来的观测中获得最大的研究成果。本研究计划涵盖的主题（和技术）的多样性使其成为包括本科生在内的各级学生参与的理想选择。首席研究员（PI）特别感兴趣的是让女本科生参与这项研究，目的是赋予年轻女性从事科学工作的能力和信心，从而鼓励她们从事科学家的职业。该项目将探索双星形成和演化的几个方面，以及GW-EM连接，同时探索基础物理问题。特别是：(a)它将制定一个解释由LIGO和Virgo GW探测器触发的NS-NS和NS-BH源辐射的一般框架。目标是将二元紧凑型合并抛射物的特性与喷射茧系统的电磁发射、GW信号的时间延迟以及遗留的紧凑型物体的类型联系起来。与GWs的质量测量一起，这些信息有助于约束NS物质的状态方程。(b)它将扩展和改进对星团中致密双星动态形成的预测。结果之一将是探索通过该通道产生的NS-BH双星的质量分布，并与由场双星形成的质量分布进行比较。(c)它将结合前两项研究的结果，计算NS-NS和NS-BH双星的主要形成通道的宽带电磁辐射，以及密集环境中的BH-BH，提取潜在的判别特征，并帮助搜索GW触发器的EM对应。作为该项目的一部分，PI计划与石溪大学的WISE（女性参与科学与工程）项目合作。这将包括(a)在学年期间监督本科生研究项目；(b)在WISE专门设计的课程中进行客座讲座，讨论STEM领域的机会；(c)在WISE课后项目中担任高中导师。这个项目推进了NSF宇宙大构想窗口的目标。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Accretion-Induced Collapse of Neutron Stars in the Disks of Active Galactic Nuclei

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abfdb4
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: R. Perna;H. Tagawa;Z. Haiman;I. Bartos

Close encounters of tight binary stars with stellar-mass black holes

紧密双星与恒星质量黑洞的近距离接触

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stad079
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Ryu, Taeho;Perna, Rosalba;Pakmor, Ruediger;Ma, Jing-Ze;Farmer, Rob;de Mink, Selma E.
• 通讯作者: de Mink, Selma E.

Measuring the Nonaxially Symmetric Surface Temperature Distribution of the Central Compact Object in Puppis A

测量 Puppis A 中心致密物体的非轴对称表面温度分布

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac4d9a
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Alford, J. A.;Gotthelf, E. V.;Perna, R.;Halpern, J. P.
• 通讯作者: Halpern, J. P.

Close encounters of stars with stellar-mass black hole binaries

恒星与恒星质量黑洞双星的近距离接触

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac2316
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Ryu, Taeho;Perna, Rosalba;Wang, Yi-Han
• 通讯作者: Wang, Yi-Han

Partial tidal disruption events by stellar mass black holes: Gravitational instability of stream and impact from remnant core

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab802
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 作者: Yihan Wang;R. Perna;P. Armitage