CNH2-S: Measuring adaptive responses that strengthen governance of marine resources in small coastal fishing communities

海洋社会生态系统（SES）是由许多相关的社会和环境过程，如海洋变暖和酸化，人类迁移和海产品贸易。这些环境和社会进程合在一起，对沿海海洋生态系统和依赖这些生态系统的人类社区产生重大影响。它们影响海洋物种的丰度和多样性，塑造一个社区内的社会和经济生活，并影响治理制度。了解这些影响对小型渔业尤其重要，因为小型渔业雇用了全球90%以上的渔民，并为数亿人提供食物和劳动力机会。这项研究将确定和评估对社会和环境变化的反应，这些变化影响了自然资源系统的治理和可持续性。本研究的重点SES包括小型渔业。在过去20年中进行了25个合作项目后，研究团队有能力创建一个SES综合和分析模型，该模型以不同学科和观点的知识为基础，并与地球仪周围沿海海洋系统和社区的小规模渔业相关。该项目将通过支持早期职业调查人员以及为研究生和本科生以及博士后学者开展的教育和培训活动，建设综合SES科学方面的能力。此外，它将发展海洋养护和管理方面的跨学科合作，通过进一步开发开源数字平台促进信息共享，并使决策者、渔民、通过研讨会活动，本项目将产生关于综合社会环境系统（SES）的运作和转型的新颖和可推广的见解提高对具有文化和经济重要性的跨界海洋生态系统中环境和社会变化的适应性反应的科学认识。重点是与小规模渔业相关的社会经济系统，工作是由整体研究问题指导：观察到的反应，无论是适应性或适应不良，对社会和环境变化的驱动因素，塑造自然资源的治理和可持续性和人类社区，依赖于他们？研究人员将综合涵盖海洋学，生态，渔业，社会经济和治理系统组成部分的各种数据集，这些数据集是该团队通过以前的研究项目以及与区域利益相关者和生态系统的持续参与而收集的。他们将使用一系列空间上明确的和分层结构的模型，这些模型由具有不同学科和机构视角的个人的专家知识提供信息，以测试与以下相关的假设：1）环境和社会变化驱动因素的频率和空间范围; 2）这些驱动因素对治理安排的影响;以及3）合作治理安排抵御冲击和在面对变化时展示适应性战略的能力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Marine social-ecological systems (SES) are shaped by many related social and environmental processes, such as ocean warming and acidification, human migration, and seafood trade. Together, these environmental and social processes have major influences on coastal marine ecosystems and the human communities that depend on them. They affect abundance and diversity of marine species, shape social and economic life within a community, and influence systems of governance. Understanding these effects is particularly relevant for small-scale fisheries as they employ over 90% of fishers globally and provide food and labor opportunities for hundreds of millions of people. This study will identify and evaluate responses to social and environmental change that shape the governance and sustainability of natural resource systems. The focal SES of this study encompasses small-scale fisheries. After 25 collaborative projects conducted over the last 20 years, the research team is well-positioned to create a model for SES synthesis and analysis that is grounded in knowledge from diverse disciplines and perspectives and is relevant to small-scale fisheries in coastal marine systems and communities around the globe. The project will build capacity in integrated SES science by supporting an early career investigator and education and training activities for graduate and undergraduate students and postdoctoral scholars. In addition, it will develop interdisciplinary collaboration in marine conservation and management, lead to information-sharing through further development of an open source digital platform, and engage decision makers, fishers, and other community members through workshop activities.This project will produce novel and generalizable insights concerning the operation and transformation of integrated socio-environmental systems (SES) and improve scientific understanding of adaptive responses to environmental and social change in a culturally and economically important transboundary marine ecosystem. The focus is on the SESs associated with small-scale fisheries and the work is guided by the overall research question: What are the observed responses, either adaptive or maladaptive, to social and environmental drivers of change that shape the governance and sustainability of natural resources and the human communities that depend on them? The investigators will synthesize diverse datasets covering oceanographic, ecological, fishery, socioeconomic, and governance system components that the team has assembled through previous research projects and sustained engagement with regional stakeholders and ecosystems. They will use a series of spatially explicit and hierarchically structured models, informed by expert knowledge of individuals with diverse disciplinary and institutional perspectives, to test hypotheses related to 1) the frequency and spatial extent of environmental and social drivers of change; 2) influences of these drivers on governance arrangements; and 3) the ability of cooperative governance arrangements to withstand shocks and exhibit adaptive strategies in the face of change. The goal is to understand causal pathways and processes leading to divergent socio-environmental outcomes and contribute to the theory of adaptation in practice.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.