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Automatized actions in nicotine addiction: neural and behavioral correlates and their abstinence-induced plasticity

尼古丁成瘾的自动行为：神经和行为相关性及其戒断引起的可塑性

基本信息

批准号：
241862165
负责人：
Dr. Yavor Yalachkov, Ph.D.
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Medizinische Psychologie (IMP)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/241862165?language=en
关键词：
Automatized actions nicotine addiction neural

项目摘要

In the course of addiction unconscious automatic processes which are encoded as "automatized action schemata", gain increasing control over the individual's behavior. They can be viewed as pathological habits, i.e. as strong stimulus-response-links, which are established during prolonged operant conditioning and are conveyed by interconnected subcortical structures as the amygdala, ventral and dorsolateral striatum as well as the ventral tegmental area. On the other hand, the frequent repetition of particular action sequences contributes to the quick, efficient and effortless performance of the strongly automatized action patterns. This aspect of the addiction schemata most probably involves the premotor cortex, superior parietal lobule and inferior temporal cortex/posterior middle temporal gyrus. In the current project the neural and behavioral correlates of action schemata are studied in nicotine addiction, where automatized mechanisms are of essential importance. The brain activation of smokers, non-smokers and former smokers shall be measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while the participants complete two ecologically valid tasks reflecting the two main aspects of action schemata. Additionally, the connectivity within and between the assumed neural networks will be investigated. Important for the clinical relevance of the project is the question whether the neural and behavioral correlates of addiction-related automatisms can be fully eradicated by long-term abstinence, which will be examined by exploring the group differences between current and former smokers. Studying activation and connectivity differences between these three groups of participants could advance our knowledge about automatized action schemata in nicotine addiction and provide a first step towards the development of biomarkers for the severity of dependence and therapy success.

在上瘾的过程中，无意识的自动过程被编码为“自动化的行动图式”，获得了对个人行为的越来越多的控制。它们可以被看作是病理习性，即在长时间的操作条件反射过程中建立的强烈的刺激-反应联系，并通过相互关联的皮质下结构，如杏仁核、腹侧和背外侧纹状体以及腹侧被盖区来传递。另一方面，特定动作序列的频繁重复有助于快速、高效和毫不费力地执行高度自动化的动作模式。成瘾图式的这一方面很可能涉及运动前皮质、顶上小叶和下颞叶/颞中后回。在目前的项目中，研究了尼古丁成瘾的神经和行为图式的相关性，其中自动化机制是至关重要的。吸烟者、非吸烟者和戒烟者的大脑活动应使用功能磁共振成像(FMRI)进行测量，同时参与者完成两个生态有效的任务，反映行动图式的两个主要方面。此外，还将研究假设的神经网络内部和之间的连通性。对于该项目的临床相关性来说，重要的是这样一个问题：长期戒烟是否可以完全消除与成瘾相关的自律性的神经和行为相关性，这将通过探索现任吸烟者和以前吸烟者之间的群体差异来检验。研究这三组参与者之间的激活和连接性差异可以促进我们对尼古丁成瘾的自动化行动图式的了解，并为开发依赖严重程度和治疗成功的生物标志物提供第一步。