Collaborative Research: Using hiatus durations to quantify the tempo of Deccan volcanism

印度的德干圈闭是世界上最大的火山省份之一，它的喷发发生在白垩纪和古近纪交界处的数百万年时间里，当时非鸟类恐龙和许多其他物种灭绝了。德干火山在白垩纪-古近纪大灭绝中的潜在作用是一个重大的科学辩论主题，并严重依赖于导致大灭绝的喷发速度。该项目将限制两次喷发之间的间歇时间。间歇期将通过应用3He测量和古地磁长期变化的宇宙成因暴露测年相结合来估计。更好地了解德干圈闭熔岩的喷发率将影响多个学科，包括火山学、古气候学和古生物学。此外，拟议的工作将支持两名职业早期妇女担任个人助理，并通过教育和培训两名研究生和两名本科生培养STEM人才。在Burke博物馆开发的成功的挖掘箱计划的基础上，将通过与合作扩展服务的多年外联计划吸引广泛的受众。该项目将限制德干火山在印度大火成岩省喷发之间的间歇。一种新的宇宙成因3He和古地磁观测的组合将被用来提供100-10000年的分辨率，这是目前使用直接计时器无法获得的。这一分辨率对于评估地球系统对导致白垩纪-古近纪(KPG)大灭绝的德干火山作用的响应至关重要。此外，更高分辨率的间断持续时间记录对于评估德干圈闭的喷发速度是否随着其寿命的变化而变化是必要的，特别是为了检验为什么德干熔岩的成分、形态和喷发量的状态转变与KPG边界一致的假说。这一组合方法在德干圈闭中的成功示范，将为量化其他大型火成岩省和其他类型火山岩省的间歇时间提供一个框架。拟议的工作将支持两名职业生涯早期的妇女，她们是新的首席调查员，并通过教育和培训两名研究生和两名本科生来促进STEM的发展。在伯克博物馆开发的成功的挖掘箱项目的基础上，与合作扩展服务机构共同发起的一项多年外展计划构成了这项研究的强大外展组成部分。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The Deccan Traps of India is one of the largest volcanic provinces in the world, and its eruption occurred over a few million years across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary, when the non-avian dinosaurs and many other species went extinct. The potential role of Deccan volcanism in the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction is a subject of great scientific debate, and depends critically on the eruption rate leading up to the mass extinction. This project will provide constraints on the hiatus between eruptions. The hiatus will be estimated by a combination of cosmogenic exposure dating by applying 3He measurements and paleomagnetic secular variation. A better understanding of the eruption rates of Deccan Traps lavas will impact multiple disciplines, including volcanology, paleoclimatology, and paleontology. In addition, the proposed work will support two early-career women as PIs and build STEM talent through the education and training of two graduate students and two undergraduate students. A wide audience shall be engaged through a multi-year outreach initiative with the Cooperative Extension Service that builds on the successful DIG box program developed at the Burke Museum.This project will constrain the hiatus between eruptions of the Deccan Traps large igneous province in India. A novel combination of cosmogenic 3He and paleomagnetic observations will be utilized to provide 100-10,000 year resolution, which is currently inaccessible using direct chronometers. This resolution is crucial for assessing the Earth system response to Deccan volcanism in the lead up to the Cretaceous-Paleogene (KPg) mass extinction. Moreover, higher resolution records of hiatus durations are necessary to assess whether eruption pacing in the Deccan Traps changed over its lifespan, and in particular to test hypotheses for why a state shift in the composition, morphology, and eruptive volume of Deccan lavas occurs coincident with the KPg boundary. The successful demonstration of this combined approach in the Deccan Traps will provide a framework to quantify hiatus durations in other large igneous provinces and other types of volcanic provinces. The proposed work will support two early-career women who are new Principal Investigators and enhance STEM development through the education and training of two graduate students and two undergraduate students. A multi-year outreach initiative with the Cooperative Extension Service that builds on the successful DIG box program developed at the Burke Museum constitutes a strong outreach component to the study..This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.