Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Social Lives of HIV Prevention Drugs

博士论文研究：艾滋病预防药物的社会生活

• 批准号: 2017249
• 负责人: A. Cymene Howe
• 金额: $ 2.52万
• 依托单位: William Marsh Rice University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2017249&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Social; Lives

Since its arrival to the market, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) has transformed the field of HIV prevention. A once a day pill composed of conventional antiretrovirals repurposed for preventative use, research has proven PrEP to be highly effective in reducing individual risk of HIV infection. While studies have demonstrated PrEP’s therapeutic efficacy, the social effects of this therapeutic revolution across different groups and populations remains understudied. The research supported by this award uses ethnographic methods to investigate how different populations and individuals use PrEP, asking how the use of this drug effects individual practices, as well as perceptions of risk. In addition to providing funding for the training of a graduate student in anthropology in the methods of empirical, scientific data collection and analysis, the project will enhance scientific understandings of the social effects of HIV prevention strategies and therapies. The research will take place over 16 months in a context where PrEP has been made widely available through the production and distribution of a state manufactured generic. The researcher will work across four different community settings: a HIV policy institute, a private clinic, a community organization, and a selection of commercial and event venues that are significant to the local economy. Data will be collected through participant observation; interviews with health policy makers, doctors, community organizers, PrEP users, and other stakeholders; and focus groups and life histories of PrEP users from different population groups. Findings from this research will produce multi-perspective data needed by policy makers, public health practitioners, and social scientists to understand the factors that condition both access to and the broader experiences of these novel forms of therapy.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

自上市以来，暴露前预防（PrEP）已经改变了艾滋病毒预防领域。一种由常规抗逆转录病毒药物组成的每日一次的药丸，用于预防用途，研究证明PrEP在降低艾滋病毒感染的个体风险方面非常有效。虽然研究已经证明了PrEP的治疗效果，但这种治疗革命在不同群体和人群中的社会影响仍然没有得到充分研究。该奖项支持的研究使用人种学方法来调查不同人群和个人如何使用PrEP，询问这种药物的使用如何影响个人实践以及对风险的看法。该项目除了提供资金培训一名人类学研究生掌握经验性科学数据收集和分析方法外，还将提高对艾滋病毒预防战略和疗法的社会影响的科学认识。这项研究将在16个月的时间里进行，在这种情况下，通过生产和分销国家制造的仿制药，PrEP已被广泛使用。研究人员将在四个不同的社区环境中工作：艾滋病毒政策研究所，私人诊所，社区组织以及对当地经济具有重要意义的商业和活动场所。数据将通过参与者观察收集;采访卫生政策制定者、医生、社区组织者、PrEP使用者和其他利益相关者;以及来自不同人群的PrEP使用者的焦点小组和生活史。这项研究的结果将产生政策制定者、公共卫生从业者和社会科学家所需的多视角数据，以了解这些新形式治疗的可及性和更广泛经验的制约因素。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。