The NANOGrav Physics Frontiers Center

NANOGrav 物理前沿中心

• 批准号: 2020265
• 负责人: Xavier Siemens
• 金额: $ 1700万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2020265&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NANOGrav; Physics; Frontiers; Center

This Physics Frontiers Centers (PFC) award to the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) supports their focus on the direct detection and characterization of low-frequency gravitational waves (GW), in the nanohertz regime, some eleven orders of magnitude smaller than the GW already detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO); these two NSF-supported experiments are highly complementary. NANOGrav carries out this study by monitoring the pulse arrival times of millisecond pulsars (MSPs), which are ultra-spin-stable neutron stars, and thus the most precise celestial clocks in the Universe. GWs cause fluctuations in pulse arrival times that are correlated among different pulsars. Discovering these correlations requires the synergy of experts in gravitational physics, data analysis, and astrophysics coming together in a collaborative environment. In addition to monitoring a known list of MSPs, NANOGrav routinely discovers new MSPs to add to their study. NANOGrav reaches large numbers of the general public through exhibits and talks, and a growing social media presence. An associated student research program reaches more than 150 undergraduate students every year, and the Pulsar Search Collaboratory involves hundreds of middle and high school students and their teachers.The sources most likely to be detected in the nanohertz band in the near future are supermassive binary black holes that form after massive galaxies merge. In fact, NANOGrav searches so far have already placed astrophysically interesting constraints on the evolution of galaxies and their supermassive black holes. Other sources include cosmic strings, phase transitions in the early universe, and relic GW from inflation; detecting any of these would be transformative. GW observations can also be used to investigate the origin of cosmic acceleration and the conflict between quantum mechanics and general relativity, two of the most profound challenges currently facing fundamental physics. Apart from GW, NANOGrav observations enable high-impact synergistic science, including constraining the dense matter equation of state, making dynamical tests of general relativity, further understanding the ionized interstellar medium, and discovering exotic neutron star systems and radio transients.This Physics Frontiers Centers award is co-funded by the Physics Frontiers Centers Program in the Division of Physics and the Mid-scale Innovations Program in the Division of Astronomical Sciences. This project advances the goals of the NSF Windows on the Universe Big Idea.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

物理前沿中心 (PFC) 授予北美纳赫兹引力波天文台 (NANOGrav) 的奖项支持了他们对低频引力波 (GW) 的直接探测和表征，在纳赫兹范围内，低频引力波比激光干涉仪引力波天文台 (LIGO) 已探测到的引力波小约 11 个数量级；这两个 NSF 支持的实验具有很强的互补性。 NANOGrav 通过监测毫秒脉冲星 (MSP) 的脉冲到达时间来开展这项研究，毫秒脉冲星是超自旋稳定的中子星，因此是宇宙中最精确的天体时钟。 引力波会导致不同脉冲星之间相关的脉冲到达时间波动。 发现这些相关性需要引力物理学、数据分析和天体物理学专家在协作环境中齐心协力。 除了监测已知的 MSP 列表之外，NANOGrav 还会定期发现新的 MSP 以添加到他们的研究中。 NANOGrav 通过展览和演讲以及不断增长的社交媒体影响力吸引了大量公众。 相关的学生研究项目每年覆盖超过 150 名本科生，脉冲星搜索合作实验室则涉及数百名中学生和高中生及其老师。在不久的将来，最有可能在纳赫兹波段检测到的来源是大质量星系合并后形成的超大质量双黑洞。 事实上，到目前为止，NANOGrav 搜索已经对星系及其超大质量黑洞的演化施加了天体物理学上有趣的限制。 其他来源包括宇宙弦、早期宇宙的相变以及膨胀产生的遗迹引力波；检测到其中任何一个都将是变革性的。 引力波观测还可用于研究宇宙加速的起源以及量子力学和广义相对论之间的冲突，这是基础物理学目前面临的两个最深刻的挑战。 除了 GW 之外，NANOGrav 观测还能够实现高影响力的协同科学，包括约束稠密物质状态方程、进行广义相对论的动力学测试、进一步了解电离星际介质以及发现外来中子星系统和射电瞬变。该物理前沿中心奖由物理部物理前沿中心项目和物理部中型创新项目共同资助。 天文科学。 该项目推进了 NSF 宇宙之窗大创意的目标。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

The X-ray view of optically selected dual AGN

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac3664
• 发表时间: 2022-12
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: A. De Rosa;C. Vignali;P. Severgnini;S. Bianchi;Tamara Bogdanović;M. Charisi;M. Guainazzi;Z. Haiman;S. Komossa;Z. Paragi;M. Pérez-Torres;E. Piconcelli;L. Ducci;M. Parvatikar;R. Serafinelli

No Dispersed Single Radio Pulses Detected in Archival Parkes Pulsar Observations Targeting Supernova Remnants and Anomalous X-Ray Pulsars

• DOI: 10.3847/2515-5172/ad09e0
• 发表时间: 2023-11
• 期刊: Research Notes of the AAS
• 作者: F. Crawford

Posterior predictive checking for gravitational-wave detection with pulsar timing arrays. II. Posterior predictive distributions and pseudo-Bayes factors

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.108.123008
• 发表时间: 2023-06
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: P. Meyers;K. Chatziioannou;M. Vallisneri;A. J. Chua

A Simultaneous Dual-frequency Scintillation Arc Survey of Six Bright Canonical Pulsars Using the Upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope

利用升级后的巨型米波射电望远镜对六颗亮正则脉冲星同时进行双频闪烁弧巡天

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad06bb
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Turner, Jacob E.;Joshi, Bhal Chandra;McLaughlin, Maura A.;Stinebring, Daniel R.
• 通讯作者: Stinebring, Daniel R.

Scattering variability detected from the circumsource medium of FRB 20190520B

从 FRB 20190520B 的环境介质中检测到的散射变异性

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac3547
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Ocker, Stella Koch;Cordes, James M.;Chatterjee, Shami;Li, Di;Niu, Chen-Hui;McKee, James W.;Law, Casey J.;Anna-Thomas, Reshma
• 通讯作者: Anna-Thomas, Reshma