NNA Track 1: Collaborative Research: Navigating Impacts of the Arctic Tourism Industry on Nature, Commerce, and Culture in Northern Communities

导航新北极（NNA）是美国国家科学基金会的十大构想之一。NNA项目解决快速变化的北极地区的融合科学挑战。北极研究需要为国家、更大地区和全球的经济、安全和复原力提供信息。NNA支持从地方到国际规模的新研究伙伴关系，使下一代北极研究人员多样化，加强正式和非正式教育的努力，并在适当情况下整合知识的共同生产。该奖项通过解决以下NNA重点领域的社会系统、自然环境和建筑环境之间的相互作用来实现这一目标：北极居民、全球影响和弹性基础设施。该项目通过系统分析快速发展的区域旅游业的影响，促进对北极和亚北极地区的融合挑战的理解。虽然可能会给旅游目的地带来经济效益，包括季节性就业、私营部门投资和增加税收，但更多的旅游业也可能带来其他结果。这些问题包括空气、水和噪音污染、环境退化和文化影响，如港口和邻近地区过度拥挤，以及当地居民对游客的一种不堪重负的感觉。该项目的总体目标是：1)系统地记录、比较和解释北极及邻近水域的游轮对沿海社区的影响；2)与当地决策者合作，制定一套数据驱动的社区定义指标，以确定政策，以提高当地识别、监测、预测和应对邮轮影响的适应能力。该项目正在制订方法，编制一套指标，以衡量旅游业在其中发挥作用的综合社会生态系统，并评估各种规模和旅游结构可能出现的发展之间的权衡。利益相关者将包括社会团体（例如，社区协会、非政府组织）、政府官员（例如，处理旅游问题的城市部门代表）和私营部门，包括来自游轮行业、行业协会和在目的地工作的小企业的代表。在北极变暖的背景下，该项目将解决扩大区域旅游给阿拉斯加（朱诺和诺姆）、冰岛（阿库雷里）、瑞典（维斯比）和挪威（卑尔根）沿海社区的自然、社会和建筑系统带来的挑战和机遇。该项目正在通过研究使社区决策者能够最佳地利用基于数据的指标的方法，通过适应性政策框架改善当地社区的成果，从而推进科学的边界。这一目标是通过分析邮轮旅游可持续性指标的获取、吸收、转化和利用，并结合对沿海社区政策和预算制定过程的详细分析来实现的。具体而言，研究团队和当地利益相关者将使用可持续计量模型、北极社会指标的适用领域和全球可持续旅游理事会目的地级标准，创建一套邮轮影响指标。这项研究首次全面考察了这些社区在应对不断变化的环境、经济和社会条件时，社会、自然和建筑系统之间的相互依赖关系。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Navigating the New Arctic (NNA) is one of NSF's 10 Big Ideas. NNA projects address convergence scientific challenges in the rapidly changing Arctic. The Arctic research is needed to inform the economy, security and resilience of the Nation, the larger region and the globe. NNA empowers new research partnerships from local to international scales, diversifies the next generation of Arctic researchers, enhances efforts in formal and informal education, and integrates the co-production of knowledge where appropriate. This award fulfills part of that aim by addressing interactions among social systems, natural environment, and built environment in the following NNA focus areas: Arctic Residents, Global Impact, and Resilient Infrastructure. This project is advancing understanding of convergent challenges in the Arctic and Subarctic by systematically analyzing the impacts of the rapidly growing regional tourism industry. While there may be economic benefits to the destinations visited including seasonal employment, private sector investments, and increased tax revenue, more tourism may also bring other outcomes. These include air, water, and noise pollution, environmental degradation, and cultural effects such as the overcrowding of ports and adjacent areas and a sense of being overwhelmed by tourists among local populations. The overarching goals of the project are to: 1) systematically document, compare and interpret the ways in which cruise ships in Arctic and adjacent waters are impacting coastal communities; and 2) work together with local decision makers to develop a set of data-driven community-defined indicators to determine policies to enhance local adaptive capacities for identifying, monitoring, forecasting and responding to effects from cruise ships. The project is developing methods to create a set of indicators to measure the integrated social-ecological systems in which tourism functions and assess trade-offs among developments that are likely to occur with various scales and configurations of tourism. The stakeholders will include societal groups (e.g., neighborhood associations, NGOs), government officials (e.g., city department representatives addressing tourism issues), and the private sector including representatives from the cruise-ship industry, its trade associations, and small businesses working in the destinations.Within the context of a warming Arctic, this project will address the challenges and opportunities that expanded regional tourism poses to the natural, social and built systems of coastal communities in Alaska (Juneau and Nome), Iceland (Akureyri), Sweden (Visby), and Norway (Bergen). The project is advancing the boundaries of science by examining methods to enable community policy makers to make optimum use of data-based indicators to improve outcomes for local communities using an Adaptive Policy Framework. This goal is being achieved by analyzing the acquisition, assimilation, transformation and exploitation of cruise tourism sustainability indicators in conjunction with a detailed analysis of coastal community policy and budget-making processes. Specifically, the research team and local stakeholders will use the Sustainometrics model, applicable domains of the Arctic Social Indicators, and the Global Sustainable Tourism Council destination-level criteria, to create a suite of indicators for cruise impacts. This study is among the first to provide a holistic examination of the interdependencies of the social, natural, and built systems of these communities as they respond to changing environmental, economic, and social conditions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.