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Control of combustion driven acoustic oscillations using plasma discharges

使用等离子体放电控制燃烧驱动的声振荡

基本信息

批准号：
242643022
负责人：
Professor Dr.-Ing. Jonas Moeck
金额：
--
依托单位：
Laboratoire Energétique Moléculaire et Macroscopique (EM2C)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/242643022?language=en
关键词：
Control combustion driven acoustic oscillations

项目摘要

Combustion instabilities are a major issue for the design of modern combustion chambers in aero-engines and stationary gas turbines for power generation. One promising approach to suppress the high-amplitude pressure pulsations associated with these thermoacoustic instabilities is based on active control of the system dynamics. Several studies over the past 20 years have demonstrated the capability of this approach, using mostly acoustic forcing and fuel injection modulation as actuation mechanisms. However, the applicability of these methods in full-scale engines remains limited, due to restrictions in available actuator technology and performance.In 2012, the two partners involved in the proposed project, EM2C (France) and TUB (Germany), successfully tested the use of non-equilibrium plasma discharges to control combustion dynamics. The proof of concept has been realized that nanosecond repetitively pulsed (NRP) discharges can be used as an actuation mechanism for active control of combustion instabilities, without the drawbacks of traditional actuators such as loudspeakers or fuel valves. However, while this preliminary study was promising, the unsteady coupling between plasma and flame dynamics remains unclear and must be further investigated to uncover the full potential of this novel approach.The proposed project therefore aims at (1) acquiring a fundamental understanding of the coupling of combustion dynamics and non-equilibrium plasma discharges, (2) the experimental evaluation of the potential of non-equilibrium plasma discharges for active control of combustion instabilities. Experimental work will be performed in France and in Germany, in order to benefit from the complementary expertise of the two partners. Fundamental studies of plasma-acoustic and plasma-flame interaction will be carried out, in dedicated generic set-ups. With the help of numerical simulations of plasma-flame interaction, an empirical model of the effect of NRP plasma discharges on the combustion dynamics of lean premixed flames will be derived. The influence of NRP discharges on the dynamics of swirl-stabilized lean premixed flames will be investigated, including acoustic, chemical and hydrodynamic effects. A plasma actuator will be implemented in an atmospheric combustor test-rig with a fully turbulent swirl-stabilized flame. The response of the flame to plasma forcing will be measured with acoustic and optical methods, and the obtained actuator transfer function will be used in conjunction with a thermoacoustic system model to develop appropriate control schemes. Feedback control will then be applied to mitigate combustion instabilities in the test-rig.

燃烧不稳定性是现代航空发动机和固定式燃气轮机燃烧室设计的一个主要问题。抑制与这些热声不稳定性相关的高振幅压力脉动的一种有希望的方法是基于系统动力学的主动控制。在过去的20年里，一些研究已经证明了这种方法的能力，主要使用声学强迫和燃油喷射调制作为驱动机制。然而，由于现有的致动器技术和性能的限制，这些方法在全尺寸发动机中的适用性仍然有限。2012年，参与该项目的两个合作伙伴，法国的EM2C和德国的TUB，成功地测试了使用非平衡等离子体放电来控制燃烧动力学。纳秒重复脉冲（NRP）放电可以作为一种主动控制燃烧不稳定性的驱动机制，而没有传统驱动机构（如扬声器或燃油阀）的缺点。然而，虽然这项初步研究是有希望的，但等离子体和火焰动力学之间的不稳定耦合仍然不清楚，必须进一步研究以揭示这种新方法的全部潜力。因此，提出的项目旨在(1)获得对燃烧动力学和非平衡等离子体放电耦合的基本理解，(2)对非平衡等离子体放电主动控制燃烧不稳定性的潜力进行实验评估。实验工作将在法国和德国进行，以便从这两个伙伴的互补性专门知识中获益。等离子体-声学和等离子体-火焰相互作用的基础研究将在专用的通用装置中进行。通过对等离子体-火焰相互作用的数值模拟，建立了NRP等离子体放电对稀预混火焰燃烧动力学影响的经验模型。研究了NRP放电对涡流稳定贫预混火焰动力学的影响，包括声学效应、化学效应和水动力效应。等离子体致动器将在具有完全湍流旋流稳定火焰的大气燃烧器试验台中实现。火焰对等离子体强迫的响应将用声学和光学方法测量，得到的致动器传递函数将与热声系统模型结合使用，以制定适当的控制方案。然后将应用反馈控制来减轻试验台的燃烧不稳定性。