Laboratory measurements of turbulence and coherent structures on both sides of a wind-driven air-water interface

风驱动的空气-水界面两侧的湍流和相干结构的实验室测量

• 批准号: 2023626
• 负责人: Fabrice Veron
• 金额: $ 54.98万
• 依托单位: University of Delaware
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2023626&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Laboratory; measurements; turbulence; coherent; structures

The exchange across the air-sea interface of heat, moisture, momentum and gases like O2 or CO2 are critically important for many phenomena including weather and climate. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in quantifying air-sea fluxes. However, the fundamental processes involved rely on small scale turbulence at the air-sea interface. These processes are poorly resolved and air-sea fluxes are generally parametrized using readily available, bulk variables such as wind speed. This study will make detailed laboratory experiments which will simultaneously measure the flows on both sides of the air-sea interface to investigate the coherent flow structures and and whether and how turbulence on either side of the interface is coupled. Ultimately the primary societal benefits of this research will be in improved models of weather and climate and the economic and social impacts of improved forecasts including on fisheries, the energy industry, commodity markets, insurance, and disaster/threat preparedness. At the local level, the project will help improve both undergraduate and graduate opportunities including summer fellowships in Research Education for Undergraduates (REU) programs. New knowledge generated by this research will be introduced into undergraduate and graduate classes, and disseminated more broadly through the PI’s web site. Laboratory visits for schoolchildren and other groups and open houses are conducted at the PI’s laboratory. These occasions provide an opportunity to inform the general public of the scientific issues that affect them and to inform school children about careers in the ocean scienceThis project builds upon extensive experience in measuring wavy turbulent flows in one of the fluids (air or water) and extends it by resolving both sides simultaneously. Specifically, the aims of this research are to: 1) Perform controlled laboratory experiments to measure the flow on both sides of the air-water interface simultaneously, 2) Evaluate the coupling and potential causality between the turbulent coherent structures on both sides on the interface, 3) Assess the contribution and influence of a wavy interface on the turbulent fluxes, and 4) Compare these results with established turbulent boundary layer results. It is expected that the findings will lead to a more fundamental understanding of the role of short surface waves, turbulence, Langmuir circulations, microbreaking and separation in air-sea fluxes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

热量、水分、动量和氧气或二氧化碳等气体在海气界面上的交换对于包括天气和气候在内的许多现象至关重要。 近年来，在量化海气通量方面取得了相当大的进展。然而，所涉及的基本过程依赖于海气界面的小规模湍流。这些过程很难解决，并且通常使用风速等容易获得的大量变量来参数化空气-海洋通量。这项研究将进行详细的实验室实验，同时测量海气界面两侧的流动，以研究相干流动结构以及界面两侧的湍流是否耦合以及如何耦合。最终，这项研究的主要社会效益将在于改进天气和气候模型，以及改进预报对经济和社会的影响，包括对渔业、能源工业、商品市场、保险和灾害/威胁准备的影响。在地方层面，该项目将有助于改善本科生和研究生的机会，包括本科生研究教育（REU）项目的夏季奖学金。这项研究产生的新知识将被引入本科生和研究生课程，并通过 PI 的网站进行更广泛的传播。学生和其他团体的实验室参观以及开放日均在 PI 的实验室进行。这些场合提供了一个机会，让公众了解影响他们的科学问题，并让学童了解海洋科学的职业。该项目建立在测量一种流体（空气或水）中波状湍流的丰富经验基础上，并通过同时解决两侧问题来扩展它。具体来说，本研究的目的是：1）进行受控实验室实验，同时测量空气-水界面两侧的流动，2）评估界面两侧湍流相干结构之间的耦合和潜在因果关系，3）评估波状界面对湍流通量的贡献和影响，4）将这些结果与已建立的湍流边界层结果进行比较。预计这些发现将有助于人们对短表面波、湍流、朗缪尔环流、微破裂和海气通量分离的作用有更基本的了解。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Evidence of the critical layer mechanism in growing wind waves

风浪增长的临界层机制的证据

• DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2022.714
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Fluid Mechanics
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Carpenter, J.R.;Buckley, M.P.;Veron, F.
• 通讯作者: Veron, F.

Pressure fields in the airflow over wind-generated surface waves

风产生的表面波气流中的压力场

• DOI: 10.1175/jpo-d-20-0311.1
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Physical Oceanography
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Funke, Christoph S.;Buckley, Marc P.;Schultze, Larissa K.P.;Veron, Fabrice;Timmermans, Mary-Louise E.;Carpenter, Jeffrey R.
• 通讯作者: Carpenter, Jeffrey R.