Collaborative Research: Local Time Extent of Dayside Magnetopause Reconnection and Controlling Factors

合作研究：白天磁层顶重联的局部时间范围和控制因素

• 批准号: 2025787
• 负责人: Brian Walsh
• 金额: $ 14.69万
• 依托单位: Trustees of Boston University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-10-01 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2025787&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Local; Time; Extent

Reconnection of magnetic fields is a fundamental physical process that can accelerate particles and inject energy into systems. In the geospace environment, there are many unanswered questions about how such processes work and impact the space around Earth. This project will investigate the process on the dayside of the Earth in the outer regions of the magnetosphere. Understanding this process is important for predicting and preparing for space weather impacts, particularly to satellites that can be damaged by accelerated particles in the harsh radiation environment in space. The project will support an early career scientist, graduate students, and provide mentorship for undergraduate students.This project will characterize the local time extent of dayside active magnetopause reconnection and investigate what controls dayside reconnection. Specifically, it will address: (1) What is the local time extent of active reconnection?; (2) How is the extent related to local magnetopause current sheet conditions?; and (3) How is the extent related to upstream solar wind conditions? Conjunctions of in-situ and remote-sensing observations will be used. Specifically, NASA’s Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms mission and Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission will be used to identify reconnection events and NSF’s Super Dual Auroral Radar Network will be used to measure the extent of reconnection. Local magnetopause conditions will be obtained from space-ground conjunctions. The solar wind conditions will be provided by spacecraft including NASA's Advanced Composition Explorer, Global Geospace Science Wind satellite, and Geotail, and NOAA's Deep Space Climate Observatory.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

磁场的重新连接是一个基本的物理过程，可以加速粒子并向系统注入能量。在地球空间环境中，关于这些过程如何运作和影响地球周围空间，有许多尚未回答的问题。该项目将调查地球昼侧磁层外部区域的过程。了解这一过程对于预测和防备空间天气影响，特别是对于在恶劣的空间辐射环境中可能被加速粒子损坏的卫星而言，具有重要意义。该项目将支持一个早期的职业科学家，研究生，并为本科生提供指导。该项目将描述昼侧活动磁层顶重联的当地时间范围，并调查是什么控制昼侧重联。具体来说，它将解决：（1）什么是主动重连的本地时间范围？(2)该程度与当地磁层顶电流片条件有何关系？以及（3）与上游太阳风条件的相关程度如何？将结合使用现场观测和遥感观测。具体而言，美国宇航局的亚暴使命和磁层多尺度使命期间事件和大尺度相互作用的时间历史将用于识别重连事件，美国国家科学基金会的超级双极光雷达网络将用于测量重连的程度。局部磁层顶条件将从空间-地面结合获得。太阳风条件将由航天器提供，包括NASA的高级成分探测器、全球地球空间科学风卫星和Geotail，以及NOAA的深空气候观测站。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。