Collaborative Research: GLACIOME: Developing a comprehensive model of the coupled glacier-ocean-melange system

对冰川-海洋相互作用如何导致冰山在冰-海边界崩解和融化的了解有限，导致对海平面上升的预测存在不确定性。密集的冰山和海冰被称为冰混杂，出现在格陵兰的许多峡湾中，未来可能会出现在许多南极冰川附近。观察表明，冰川混杂可能通过挤压冰川锋面直接影响冰山的崩解，并通过控制冰山融化的地点和时间间接影响冰川融化，从而影响海洋环流和海洋热量向冰川的输送。然而，由于在格陵兰峡湾进行野外工作的困难，冰川混杂、海洋环流和冰山崩解之间的相互作用还没有得到系统的研究。GLACIOME项目将利用实验室实验和模型来研究冰川、冰川和海洋之间的复杂相互作用，以提供这些系统共同演化的第一个全面模型。GLACIOME项目将使用详细的过程模型和实验室实验来研究冰川和峡湾水域之间的热力学和力学耦合。将使用最先进的颗粒物理连续介质方法开发一个独立的冰混和颗粒流的数值模型。这个独立的模型将被用来测试冰混合流动和应力对外部压力的敏感性。实验和模拟的结果将用于开发完全耦合的冰川-海洋-混杂模型(GLACIOME)，其中包括新的独立混杂模型、冰盖和海平面系统模型(ISSM)和MITgcm海洋模型。耦合的GLACIOME模型将被用来测试冰川混杂对十年时间尺度上冰川稳定性的影响。除了科学上的进步，GLACIOME项目还将为职业发展和拓展提供机会。该项目将支持两名职业早期个人投资，两名研究生和一名博士后研究员。学生和博士后将接受跨学科培训，这对于解决气候变化和海平面上升等具有重大社会影响的科学问题至关重要。PIS将通过讲座和为亚特兰大科学节组织活动向公众传达结果。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

A limited understanding of how glacier-ocean interactions lead to iceberg calving and melting at the ice-ocean boundary contributes to uncertainty in predictions of sea level rise. Dense packs of icebergs and sea ice, known as ice mélange, occur in many Greenland fjords, and may occur near many Antarctic glaciers in the future. Observations suggest that ice mélange may directly affect iceberg calving by pressing against the glacier front and indirectly affect glacier melting by controlling where and when icebergs melt which can impact ocean circulation and ocean heat transport towards glaciers. However, the interactions between ice mélange, ocean circulation, and iceberg calving have not been systematically investigated due to the difficulty of conducting field work in Greenland fjords. The GLACIOME project will investigate the complex interactions between glaciers, ice mélange and the ocean using laboratory experiments and models to provide the first comprehensive model of the co-evolution of these systems.The GLACIOME project will use detailed process models and laboratory experiments to investigate thermodynamic and mechanical couplings between ice mélange and fjord waters. A stand-alone, numerical model of ice mélange granular flow will be developed using state-of-the-art continuum approaches from granular physics. This standalone model will be used to test the sensitivity of ice mélange flow and stress to external forcings. Results from experiments and simulations will be used in the development of a fully coupled glacier-ocean-mélange model (GLACIOME), which includes the new standalone mélange model, the Ice-Sheet and Sea-Level System Model (ISSM) and the MITgcm ocean model. The coupled GLACIOME model will be used to test the impact of ice mélange on glacier stability over decadal time scales. In addition to the scientific advances, the GLACIOME project will provide opportunities for career development and outreach. The project will support two early career PIs, two graduate students, and one postdoctoral fellow. The students and postdoc will receive interdisciplinary training that is essential for addressing scientific issues with major societal impacts, such as climate change and sea level rise. The PIs will communicate results to the public through lectures and organizing events for the Atlanta Science Festival.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.