Collaborative Research: TI3GER--Technological Innovation Into Iodine and Gv-aircraft Environmental Research

此次现场活动包括测试飞行，以验证之前未在NSF/NCAR湾流V研究飞机上飞行过的仪器。它还包括一些飞行，以解决几个科学假设，包括调查由于该地区的碘在对流层上部和平流层下部（UTLS）的臭氧损失。在UTLS上飞行的这种新型仪器的研究结果预计将大大提高对该地区化学的科学认识。该项目将测试先进的仪器和新设计的层流入口，适用于测量GV研究飞机上的可冷凝蒸汽和环境离子，以实现以下目标：（1）飞机有效载荷已经研制成功，通过尝试首次同时对气体碘和粒子碘进行飞机测量，可以在实验上限制平流层总碘量的90%;（2）碘酸（HIO 3）是一种广泛存在的可冷凝蒸汽，可以生长纳米颗粒并驱动碘的气-粒分配变化，将首次在UTLS中通过飞机进行测量;（3）同时测量环境离子（数量&化学成分）将确定那些参与UTLS中离子诱导成核的可冷凝蒸汽。最初的试飞将在科罗拉多进行，之后计划从科纳夏威夷进行有限数量的（~3-6）探索性科学飞行，以证明飞机有效载荷的科学准备，评估仪器性能，并为莫纳罗亚天文台（MLO）的长期测量提供信息，为未来的活动做准备。沿着在MLO上进行的飞机测量，以及在MLO上使用MAX-DOAS仪器进行的碘氧化物（IO）自由基测量，将能够表征MLO上IO垂直剖面的性质和形状。该项目包括与来自三个美国国家实验室，一所外国大学和五个外国国家实验室的科学家合作。四名研究生和三名博士后将与美国11个不同机构的科学家互动，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This field campaign includes test flights to certify instrumentation not previously flown on the NSF/NCAR Gulfstream V research aircraft. It also includes flights to address several scientific hypotheses, including the investigation of ozone loss in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) due to iodine in the region. The research results from this novel collection of instrumentation flown in the UTLS is expected to significantly improve the scientific understanding of chemistry in the region.This project will test advanced instrumentation and a newly designed laminar flow inlet suitable for measuring condensable vapors and ambient ions on the GV research aircraft to achieve the following objectives: (1) The aircraft payload has been developed to experimentally constrain 90% of total iodine in the stratosphere by attempting the first simultaneous aircraft measurements of gas- and particle iodine; (2) Iodic acid (HIO3), a widespread condensable vapor that grows nanoparticles and drives changes in gas-particle partitioning of iodine, will be measured for the first time in the UTLS by aircraft; (3) Simultaneous measurements of ambient ions (number & chemical composition) will identify those condensable vapors that participate in ion-induced nucleation in the UTLS. Initial test flights will be conducted in Colorado, after which a limited number of (~3-6) exploratory science flights are planned from Kona Hawaii to demonstrate the science readiness of the aircraft payload, evaluate instrument performance, and to inform long-term measurements at Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO) in preparation for future campaigns. Aircraft measurements made above MLO, along with iodine oxide (IO) radical measurements from a MAX-DOAS instrument at MLO, will enable the characterization of the nature and shape of the vertical profile of IO above MLO. This project includes collaboration with scientists from three U.S. National Laboratories, one foreign university, and 5 foreign National Laboratories. Four graduate students and three postdocs will interact with scientists at eleven different institutions in the U.S., Germany, Belgium, Russia, and Spain, and gain experience with sophisticated instrumentation, computational fluid dynamics simulations, data interpretation, forecasting, and global modeling.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.