Collaborative Research: TI3GER--Technological Innovation Into Iodine and Gv-aircraft Environmental Research

这一实地活动包括对以前没有在NSF/NCAR湾流V号研究飞机上飞行的仪器进行测试飞行。它还包括解决几个科学假设的飞行，包括调查该区域由于碘造成的对流层上层和平流层下层的臭氧损失。在UTLS飞行的这一新型仪器的研究结果有望显著提高该地区对化学的科学理解。该项目将测试先进的仪器和新设计的层流进气口，适用于在GV研究飞机上测量可凝结蒸汽和环境离子，以实现以下目标：(1)飞机有效载荷已被开发为通过尝试第一次飞机同时测量气体和粒子碘来实验约束平流层中90%的总碘；(2)碘酸(HIO3)是一种广泛存在的可凝聚蒸气，它生长着纳米颗粒，并导致碘的气粒分配发生变化；(3)对周围离子(数量和化学成分)的同时测量将在UTLS中首次测量；(3)同时测量环境离子(数量和化学成分)将识别参与UTLS中离子诱导成核的那些可凝聚蒸气。最初的试飞将在科罗拉多州进行，之后计划从夏威夷科纳进行数量有限的(~3-6)次探索性科学飞行，以证明飞机有效载荷的科学准备情况，评估仪器性能，并为莫纳罗亚天文台(MLO)的长期测量提供信息，为未来的活动做准备。在MLO上空进行的飞机测量，以及MLO的MAX-DOAS仪器进行的氧化碘(IO)自由基测量，将能够表征MLO上方IO垂直剖面的性质和形状。该项目包括与来自三个美国国家实验室、一所外国大学和五个外国国家实验室的科学家合作。四名研究生和三名博士后将与美国、德国、比利时、俄罗斯和西班牙11个不同机构的科学家互动，获得尖端仪器、计算流体动力学模拟、数据解释、预测和全球建模方面的经验。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This field campaign includes test flights to certify instrumentation not previously flown on the NSF/NCAR Gulfstream V research aircraft. It also includes flights to address several scientific hypotheses, including the investigation of ozone loss in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) due to iodine in the region. The research results from this novel collection of instrumentation flown in the UTLS is expected to significantly improve the scientific understanding of chemistry in the region.This project will test advanced instrumentation and a newly designed laminar flow inlet suitable for measuring condensable vapors and ambient ions on the GV research aircraft to achieve the following objectives: (1) The aircraft payload has been developed to experimentally constrain 90% of total iodine in the stratosphere by attempting the first simultaneous aircraft measurements of gas- and particle iodine; (2) Iodic acid (HIO3), a widespread condensable vapor that grows nanoparticles and drives changes in gas-particle partitioning of iodine, will be measured for the first time in the UTLS by aircraft; (3) Simultaneous measurements of ambient ions (number & chemical composition) will identify those condensable vapors that participate in ion-induced nucleation in the UTLS. Initial test flights will be conducted in Colorado, after which a limited number of (~3-6) exploratory science flights are planned from Kona Hawaii to demonstrate the science readiness of the aircraft payload, evaluate instrument performance, and to inform long-term measurements at Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO) in preparation for future campaigns. Aircraft measurements made above MLO, along with iodine oxide (IO) radical measurements from a MAX-DOAS instrument at MLO, will enable the characterization of the nature and shape of the vertical profile of IO above MLO. This project includes collaboration with scientists from three U.S. National Laboratories, one foreign university, and 5 foreign National Laboratories. Four graduate students and three postdocs will interact with scientists at eleven different institutions in the U.S., Germany, Belgium, Russia, and Spain, and gain experience with sophisticated instrumentation, computational fluid dynamics simulations, data interpretation, forecasting, and global modeling.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.