Biomass Burning Flux Measurements of Trace Gases and Aerosols (BB-FLUX) Using Solar Occultation Flux (SOF) on the Wyoming King Air

BB-Flux项目是一个更大的合作努力(WE-CAN)的一部分，该合作努力专注于研究美国西部野火羽流的排放和演变。一场实地行动计划于2018年夏末在爱达荷州博伊西附近举行。将测量一些气体的排放通量，并与模型预测进行比较。这一结果将显著改善野火排放的量化，并为消防和燃料管理人员以及空气质量监管人员提供重要的新信息。科罗拉多大学的机载太阳掩星通量(SOF)仪器将用于计算大量气体的定量通量。在飞机羽流下方横截面期间，将同时在飞机上方进行测量，并使用质量平衡法量化通量。该项目结合了SOF对CO和其他痕量气柱的遥感(如H2O、NO、NO2、NH3、HONO、HCHO、小VOCs、CH3OH、HCN、HCOOH、其他小酸)、温度和湿度分布以及羽流喷射高度(Lidar)，并选择现场采样(CO、CO2、H2O、O3、风速、粒度分布)。BB通量有以下四个目标：1)量化不同燃料类型(北方森林、温带森林)和燃烧条件(燃烧、阴燃)下CO、CO2、其他气体的排放通量和颗粒量；2)描述与地面(边界层顶部、自由对流层)分离的羽流的注入高度，并对大气模式的预报进行评估；3)研究导致臭氧二次产生的自由基源和二次羽流化学，以及随羽流年龄的变化而变化的粒子尺寸分布。最后，SOF柱测量补充了C-130飞机排放比的详细现场采样。通过使用两架飞机探测类似的火灾，该项目4)探索了遥感和现场观测的协同效益，以量化野外物种的总排放通量。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The BB-FLUX project is part of a larger collaborative effort (WE-CAN) focused on the study of the emissions and evolution of western U.S. wildfire plumes. A field campaign is scheduled to take place in the late summer of 2018 near Boise Idaho. The emission fluxes of a number of gases will be measured and compared with model predictions. The results will provide significantly improved quantification of wildfire emissions and provide important new information to fire and fuel managers, and to air quality regulators.The University of Colorado airborne Solar Occultation Flux (SOF) instrument will be used to calculate quantitative fluxes for a large number of gases. Measurements will be made simultaneously above the aircraft, during aircraft transects below plumes, with fluxes being quantified using the mass balance method. The project combines remote sensing of CO and other trace gas columns by SOF (e.g., H2O, NO, NO2, NH3, HONO, HCHO, small VOCs, CH3OH, HCN, HCOOH, other small acids), temperature and humidity profiles, and plume injection height (Lidar), with select in-situ sampling (CO, CO2, H2O, O3, wind speed, particle size distributions).BB-FLUX has the following four objectives: 1) quantify emission fluxes of CO, CO2, other gases, and particle volume for different fuel types (boreal forest, temperate forest) and burn conditions (flaming, smoldering); 2) characterize plume injection height from plumes that travel decoupled from the ground (top of boundary layer, free troposphere), and evaluate predictions by atmospheric models; 3) study radical sources and secondary plume chemistry that leads to secondary production of O3 and changes in the particle size distribution as plumes age. Finally, SOF column measurements complement the detailed in-situ sampling of emission ratios on the C-130 aircraft. By probing similar fires using both aircraft, this project 4) explores synergistic benefits of remote sensing and in-situ observations to quantify speciated total emission fluxes from wildfires.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.