Collaborative Research: PPoSS: Planning: Fixpoint: an operating system and architecture for data-centric computing

协作研究：PPoSS：规划：Fixpoint：用于以数据为中心的计算的操作系统和架构

• 批准号: 2028733
• 负责人: Keith Winstein
• 金额: $ 12.5万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-10-01 至 2022-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2028733&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; PPoSS; Planning; Fixpoint

Computer operating systems run programs that read input data and produce output data. However, today's operating systems generally don't keep track of enough information to make sure that the process of generating a given piece of data can be reproduced, especially when the program that produced it may have considered input that came over the network, from a mutable file on disk, or from a non-deterministic phenomenon such as thread scheduling. This project will design a new kind of operating system, called Fixpoint, that explicitly represents and names computations on data: each invocation of a program, in terms of its minimal data-dependencies, in a reproducible content-addressed manner. If successful, the project will have a significant impact on how computer systems are used every day. By making all computation reproducible by default and trivially shareable, Fixpoint can improve scientific reproducibility and as a consequence increase the public's confidence in scientific results. The hypothesis of this project is that by changing the way software is represented, substantial benefits can be unlocked in the areas of scalability, security, efficiency, performance, and reproducibility. Fixpoint's operating-system-visible dataflow will give it an ability to take advantage of massive transient parallelism, which means that parallel tasks that effectively require batch-processing today -- submitting jobs to servers and waiting hours -- will become near real-time. This will change the kinds of operations that people expect to do interactively at a computer. Errors discovered in data, even after the fact, can be backed out of computations that depend on them, similar to recalculating a spreadsheet today.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

计算机操作系统运行读取输入数据并产生输出数据的程序。然而，今天的操作系统通常不能跟踪足够的信息，以确保生成给定数据块的过程可以被复制，特别是当生成它的程序可能考虑了来自网络的输入、来自磁盘上的可变文件或来自诸如线程调度之类的不确定性现象时。这个项目将设计一种新的操作系统，称为Fixpoint，它显式地表示和命名数据上的计算：程序的每次调用，根据其最小的数据依赖性，以可重复的内容寻址方式。如果成功，该项目将对计算机系统的日常使用产生重大影响。通过使所有的计算在默认情况下都是可重复的，并且可以轻松地共享，Fixpoint可以提高科学的可重复性，从而增加公众对科学结果的信心。这个项目的假设是，通过改变软件的表示方式，可以在可伸缩性、安全性、效率、性能和再现性方面获得实质性的好处。Fixpoint的操作系统可见数据流将使它能够利用大规模的瞬时并行性，这意味着目前需要批量处理的并行任务（向服务器提交作业并等待数小时）将变得接近实时。这将改变人们期望在计算机上进行交互的各种操作。在数据中发现的错误，即使在事实发生之后，也可以从依赖于它们的计算中撤销，类似于今天重新计算电子表格。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Sidecar: in-network performance enhancements in the age of paranoid transport protocols

Sidecar：偏执传输协议时代的网络内性能增强

• DOI: 10.1145/3563766.3564113
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The Twenty-first ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks (HotNets 2022
• 作者: Yuan, Gina;Zhang, David K.;Sotoudeh, Matthew;Welzl, Michael;Winstein, Keith
• 通讯作者: Winstein, Keith

Computation-centric networking

以计算为中心的网络

• DOI: 10.1145/3563766.3564106
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: HotNets
• 作者: Deng, Yuhan;Montemayor, Angela;Levy, Amit;Winstein, Keith
• 通讯作者: Winstein, Keith

R2E2: low-latency path tracing of terabyte-scale scenes using thousands of cloud CPUs

R2E2：使用数千个云CPU对TB级场景进行低延迟路径追踪

• DOI: 10.1145/3528223.3530171
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: ACM Transactions on Graphics
• 影响因子: 6.2
• 作者: Fouladi, Sadjad;Shacklett, Brennan;Poms, Fait;Arora, Arjun;Ozdemir, Alex;Raghavan, Deepti;Hanrahan, Pat;Fatahalian, Kayvon;Winstein, Keith
• 通讯作者: Winstein, Keith