Collaborative Research: Geoengineering of Urban Green Infrastructure to Improve Outdoor Livability

合作研究：城市绿色基础设施地球工程，提高户外宜居性

• 批准号: 2028842
• 负责人: Qi Li
• 金额: $ 18万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-11-01 至 2024-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2028842&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Geoengineering; Urban; Green

Urban population in the United States is confronted with degraded air quality and elevated thermal stress, especially under heat waves. These two environmental stressors impact human health impose new challenges to urban livability. Urban green infrastructure (UGI), as an integral part of the built environment, has been considered as one of the effective mitigation strategies for potentially improving air quality and reducing thermal stress. Past research extensively evaluated the impact of UGI on either heat or air pollution separately but a few recent studies account for the non-trivial interactions between heat and air pollution. Such interactions raise the question of whether heat and air pollution mitigation is always achievable when implementing UGIs. This project therefore aims to elucidate how UGIs impact the interactions between urban thermal environment and air pollution across multiple spatial scales. Additionally, this project will develop a new method for evaluating the design strategies of UGI by considering the human health implications of heat stress and air pollution combined. The project will address two scientific questions: 1) How does the occurrence of extreme heat events affect the joint impacts of heat and air quality? 2) What mitigation outcomes are expected given different design strategies of UGI under normal and extreme heat conditions? To answer these questions, the research team will apply the Weather Research and Forecast model (WRF) coupled with chemistry (Chem) and urban canopy model (UCM) with improved representation of UGI. The coupled model will be evaluated with observational data under normal summer and high temperature conditions. The effects of the present UGI in both NYC and Phoenix in mitigating heat stress and air pollution will be quantified by considering a combined statistic that measures the joint health impacts. Different UGI implementations (spatially undifferentiated vs. targeted) at both the neighborhood and city scales will be evaluated. The study will include: (i) integrated representation of urban vegetation at the neighborhood scale in the urban canopy model; (ii) a process-based method based on a combined statistic to evaluate the health impacts of heat stress and air pollution at the neighborhood and city scales; (iii) fusing livability assessment, urban climates, and urban planning on multiple spatial scales through synergistic activities with landscape architects and stakeholders. Advanced numerical atmospheric physics and chemistry modeling, in conjunction with a new approach for analysis and quantification of UGI design scenarios is targeted to shed new light on engineering solutions and environmental sustainability. The main research outcomes anticipated are: (1) a process-based approach to systematically examine the influence of vegetation for both local climate zones and city level; (2) a portfolio of urban landscape planning strategies at the neighborhood scale, that is scalable to the city level; (3) a novel objective indicator of outdoor livability informed by new science based on heat- pollution coupling. Close interaction with landscape architects and stakeholders will facilitate public awareness of the importance of urban green infrastructure, particularly for environmental stressors that have important consequences of sustainable and healthy outdoor livability. An initiative for establishing a shared database for the urban livability indicators with different UGI scenarios will be established at the end of the project, accessible to other academic researchers, citizens, and stakeholders.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

美国的城市人口面临着降解的空气质量和升高的热应力，尤其是在热浪下。这两个环境压力源会影响人类健康对城市宜居性构成新的挑战。城市绿色基础设施（UGI）是建筑环境不可或缺的一部分，被认为是潜在提高空气质量和减少热压力的有效缓解策略之一。过去的研究广泛评估了UGI对热量或空气污染的影响，但最近的一些研究解释了热与空气污染之间的非平凡相互作用。这种相互作用引发了一个问题，即在实施乌不行时始终可以实现热量和空气污染的缓解。因此，该项目旨在阐明乌不明如何影响多个空间尺度的城市热环境与空气污染之间的相互作用。此外，该项目将通过考虑加热和空气污染的人类健康影响来开发一种评估UGI设计策略的新方法。该项目将解决两个科学问题：1）极端热量事件的发生如何影响热量和空气质量的关节影响？ 2）鉴于在正常和极端热量条件下的UGI设计策略的不同设计策略，预计有哪些缓解结果？为了回答这些问题，研究团队将采用天气研究和预测模型（WRF）以及化学（Chem）和Urban Canopy模型（UCM），并改进了UGI的代表。耦合模型将在正常夏季和高温条件下使用观察数据进行评估。当前UGI在纽约市和凤凰城对缓解热应激和空气污染的影响将通过考虑测量关节健康影响的组合统计量来量化。将评估邻里和城市量表的不同UGI实施（在空间上未分化与针对性）。该研究将包括：（i）城市顶篷模型中城市植被在邻里规模上的综合表示； （ii）一种基于过程的方法基于一个组合统计量，以评估邻里和城市尺度上热应激和空气污染的健康影响； （iii）通过与景观建筑师和利益相关者的协同活动进行多个空间尺度上的宜居性评估，城市气候和城市规划融合。先进的数值大气物理和化学建模，结合新的分析和量化UGI设计方案的方法，旨在为工程解决方案和环境可持续性提供新的启示。预期的主要研究结果是：（1）一种基于过程的方法，用于系统地检查植被对当地气候区和城市水平的影响； （2）在邻里规模上的城市景观规划策略组合，可扩展到城市层面； （3）一个基于热污染耦合的新科学知识的室外宜居性的新型客观指标。与景观建筑师和利益相关者的密切互动将促进公众对城市绿色基础设施重要性的认识，尤其是对于具有可持续和健康户外宜居性的重要后果的环境压力源。将在项目结束时建立针对具有不同UGI场景的城市宜居性指标共享数据库的计划，该计划将在其他学术研究人员，公民和利益相关者中访问。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过基金会的知识优点和广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得的支持。

项目成果

Long-distance atmospheric transport of microplastic fibres influenced by their shapes

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-023-01264-6
• 发表时间: 2023-09
• 期刊: Nature Geoscience
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Shuolin Xiao;Yuanfeng Cui;J. Brahney;Natalie M. Mahowald;Qi Li

Urban nocturnal cooling mediated by bluespace

• DOI: 10.1007/s00704-021-03727-5
• 发表时间: 2021-08-05
• 期刊: THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Cui, Yuanfeng;Hu, Leiqiu;Li, Qi
• 通讯作者: Li, Qi

Impacts of Urban Canopy on Two Convective Storms With Contrasting Synoptic Conditions Over Nanjing, China

• DOI: 10.1029/2020jd034509
• 发表时间: 2021-04
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Long Yang;Qi Li;Huiling Yuan;Z. Niu;Lachun Wang

Impacts of coexisting buildings and trees on the performance of rooftop wind turbines: An idealized numerical study

• DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2021.05.090
• 发表时间: 2021-06-04
• 期刊: RENEWABLE ENERGY
• 影响因子: 8.7
• 作者: Fan, Xiantao;Ge, Mingwei;Li, Qi
• 通讯作者: Li, Qi

Impact of Urban Roughness Representation on Regional Hydrometeorology: An Idealized Study

• DOI: 10.1029/2020jd033812
• 发表时间: 2021-02
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Qi Li;Jiachuan Yang;Long Yang