Collaborative Research: Formation of Sulfur Aerosols in Fairbanks, Alaska

该项目是阿拉斯加分层污染和化学分析（ALPACA）研究计划的一部分，也将有助于NSF资助的SNAP-TEC（通过参与社区可持续地导航北极污染）项目，该项目包括计划于2022年进行的密集实地活动。 ALPACA的目标是更好地了解北极冬季寒冷和黑暗条件下空气污染的化学过程。SNAP-TEC的目标是提高对冬季北极室外和室内空气污染的认识，以协助北极的可持续发展，改善北极人民的空气质量。该项目的数据将提供给公众和其他调查人员，他们将能够利用这些数据来评估如何减轻北极冬季空气质量差的问题。将部署额外的仪器，以提高对费尔班克斯未充分研究的高纬度环境中硫氧化化学的理解，该环境受到气候变化和空气质量差的影响。研究员将调查费尔班克斯大气中羟基甲烷磺酸盐（HMS）（HOCH 2SO 3-）的形成途径和性质。PI计划使用PILS-IC（与离子色谱仪耦合的颗粒物进液采样器）在线收集甲醛（HCHO）和PM2.5无机硫酸盐和HMS的测量值。影响颗粒水和pH值的气体和颗粒无机物种的测量也将被测量，因为HMS是通过水相反应，是敏感的颗粒pH值。稳态箱模型模拟将利用所产生的数据进行检查HMS形成的主要化学驱动程序在费尔班克斯冬季。这项工作将检查HMS形成对环境HCHO和SO2浓度、气象条件、气溶胶液态水、颗粒pH值和离子强度的敏感性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project is part of the broader effort, the Alaskan Layered Pollution and Chemical Analysis (ALPACA) research initiative and will also contribute to the NSF-funded SNAP-TEC (Sustainably Navigating Arctic Pollution through Engaging Communities) project that includes an intensive field campaign planned for the year 2022. The goal of ALPACA is to better understand the chemical processing of air pollution during the cold and dark conditions in the wintertime in the Arctic. The objectives of SNAP-TEC are to improve the understanding of wintertime Arctic outdoor and indoor air pollution to assist in the sustainable development of the Arctic and improve air quality for Arctic peoples. Data from this project will become available to the public and other investigators who will be able to utilize it in assessing how to mitigate poor air quality in the wintertime in the Arctic.Additional instrumentation will be deployed to improve the understanding of sulfur oxidation chemistry in the understudied high-latitude environment in Fairbanks, that is greatly impacted by both climate change and poor air quality. The PIs will investigate the formation routes and properties of hydroxymethane sulfonate (HMS) (HOCH2SO3-) in the atmosphere of Fairbanks. The PIs plan to collect online measurements of formaldehyde (HCHO) and PM2.5 inorganic sulfate and HMS with a PILS-IC (Particle-Into-Liquid Sampler coupled to an Ion Chromatograph). Measurements of gas and particle inorganic species that affect particle water and pH also will be measured, since HMS is formed through aqueous phase reactions that are sensitive to particle pH. Steady-state box model simulations will be conducted utilizing the data generated to examine the main chemical drivers of HMS formation in Fairbanks winter. This effort will examine the sensitivity of HMS formation to ambient HCHO and SO2 concentrations, meteorological conditions, aerosol liquid water, particle pH, and ionic strength.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.